What is the SVZ?
The subventricular zone (SVZ) is one of two regions where neurogenesis persists in the postnatal brain. The SVZ, located along the lateral ventricle, is the largest neurogenic zone in the brain that contains multiple cell populations including astrocyte-like cells and neuroblasts.
What are induced neural stem cells?
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are derived from differentiated cells by different reprogramming techniques, by introducing specific transcription factors responsible for pluripotency. Induced pluripotent stem cells can serve as an excellent source for differentiated neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs/NPs).
Are astrocytes neural stem cells?
Astrocytes as neural stem cells in the adult brain.
What is the function of the subventricular zone?
Function. The SVZ is a known site of neurogenesis and self-renewing neurons in the adult brain, serving as such due to the interacting cell types, extracellular molecules, and localized epigenetic regulation promoting such cellular proliferation.
What types of cells are produced by glia stem cells in the subventricular zone SVZ )?
We show that these radial glial cells give rise to neurons, astrocytes, ependymal cells, and oligodendrocytes. More importantly, we show that these neonatal radial glial cells give rise to the SVZ astrocytes that maintain neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain.
What is the difference between a neural stem cell NSC and a neural progenitor cell NPC?
Thus, the difference between neural stem and neural progenitor cells is that neural stem cells are self-renewing, while neural progenitor cells can only undergo a limited number of replication cycles.
What are neural progenitor cells?
“Neural progenitor cells (NPCs)” are the progenitor cells of the CNS that give rise to many, if not all, of the glial and neuronal cell types that populate the CNS. NPCs do not generate the non-neural cells that are also present in the CNS, such as immune system cells.
What type of cells are astrocytes?
Astrocytes are a sub-type of glial cells in the central nervous system. They are also known as astrocytic glial cells. Star-shaped, their many processes envelop synapses made by neurons.
What are neural stem cells used for?
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that firstly generate the radial glial progenitor cells that generate the neurons and glia of the nervous system of all animals during embryonic development.
Where is the dentate gyrus?
temporal lobe
The dentate gyrus is found in the temporal lobe, adjacent to the hippocampus. There is not a consensus, however, on how to anatomically demarcate the hippocampus and its neighboring regions, and some sources consider the dentate gyrus to be part of the hippocampus.
Are radial glial cells neural stem cells?
Radial glia are stem cells These cells arise during the expansion of the neural tube (about E9. 5 in mice) and may be characterized by expression of specific antigens including GLAST, BLBP and GFAP. Originally, radial glia were thought to be simply scaffolds that maintained the cytoarchitecture of the nervous system.