What is the meaning of disease surveillance?
Disease surveillance is an information-based activity involving the collection, analysis and interpretation of large volumes of data originating from a variety of sources. The information collated is then used in a number of ways to. Evaluate the effectiveness of control and preventative health measures.
Why is infectious disease surveillance important?
Infectious disease surveillance is an important epidemiological tool to monitor the health of a population. The goals of infectious disease surveillance are threefold: (1) to describe the current burden and epidemiology of disease, (2) to monitor trends, and (3) to identify outbreaks and new pathogens.
What is the purpose of disease surveillance?
Information from surveillance systems can be used to monitor the burden of a disease over time, detect changes in disease occurrence (e.g., outbreaks), determine risk factors for the disease and populations at greatest risk, guide immediate public health actions for individual patients or the community, guide programs …
What is an example of a disease surveillance system?
Examples of passive surveillance systems include the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA’s) Adverse Events Reporting System (AERS), which is focused on patient safety, and the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS), which is operated by the CDC in conjunction with the FDA and is concerned with the negative …
How is disease surveillance monitored?
Surveillance systems should be monitored through the use of quality indicators, the main three being the timeliness and completeness of reporting, the proportion of reported cases/outbreaks that are investigated in a timely manner (including laboratory confirmation of diagnosis, where appropriate), and the proportion …
What are examples of surveillance?
Surveillance is the close observation of someone, often in order to catch them in wrongdoing. An example of surveillance is a private detective hired to follow a cheating spouse before divorce proceedings. Close observation of a person or group, especially one under suspicion.
What are the three types of surveillance?
Different surveillance methods
- Electronic surveillance – Electronic surveillance equipment is often the most used tool during an investigation.
- Interviews – Interviews are far less common, but they can serve a purpose in certain investigations.
- Observation – You can gather a lot of information just by observing someone.
What is physical surveillance?
Physical surveillance is [a] systematic and deliberate observation of a person by any means on a continuing basis, or the acquisition of a nonpublic communication by a person not a party thereto or visibly present thereat through any means not involving electronic surveillance.
What is health surveillance?
Health surveillance is a system of ongoing health checks. These health checks may be required by law for employees who are exposed to noise or vibration, ionising radiation, solvents, fumes, dusts, biological agents and other substances hazardous to health, or work in compressed air.
What are the 5 communicable diseases?
Communicable diseases include malaria, HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, infant’s diarrhoea, measles and poliomyelitis diseases are passed on to people who are not already affected by it. To collect this data we use mortality rates, morbidity rates, disease incidence, disease prevalence and disability adjusted life…
What is the importance of disease surveillance?
The main role of disease surveillance is to predict, observe, and minimize the harm caused by outbreak, epidemic, and pandemic situations, as well as increase knowledge about which factors contribute to such circumstances. A key part of modern disease surveillance is the practice of disease case reporting.
What are the types of surveillance?
There are two general types of surveillance: mobile. and fixed. A mobile surveillance is sometimes termed “tailing” or “shadowing.”. The fixed is termed as a “stakeout” or “plant.”.
What are the uses of public health surveillance?
Public health surveillance may be used to “serve as an early warning system for impending public health emergencies; document the impact of an intervention, or track progress towards specified goals; and monitor and clarify the epidemiology of health problems, to allow priorities to be set and to inform public health policy and strategies.”.