What is CART19?

What is CART19?

CART19 to Treat B-Cell Leukemia or Lymphoma That Are Resistant or Refractory to Chemotherapy – Full Text View – ClinicalTrials.gov.

Why is CD19 a good target?

CD19 makes an attractive target for cancer therapy because its expression on normal cells is limited to those of B-cell lineage. Furthermore, it is expressed on the vast majority of B-cell malignancies, including 80% of acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALLs), 88% of B-cell lymphomas, and 100% of B-cell leukemias.

What is T cell malignancy?

A type of cancer that forms in T cells (a type of immune system cell). T-cell lymphomas may be either indolent (slow-growing) or aggressive (fast-growing). Most T-cell lymphomas are non-Hodgkin lymphomas. There are many different types of T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

Does K562 cells express CD19?

K562-CD19 cell line is derived from K562 which has been engineered to stably express CD19.

What is cytokine release syndrome?

(SY-toh-kine reh-LEES SIN-drome) A condition that may occur after treatment with some types of immunotherapy, such as monoclonal antibodies and CAR-T cells. Cytokine release syndrome is caused by a large, rapid release of cytokines into the blood from immune cells affected by the immunotherapy.

What do CD19 cells do?

CD19 is a biomarker for normal and neoplastic B cells, as well as follicular dendritic cells. CD19 is critically involved in establishing intrinsic B cell signaling thresholds through modulating both B cell receptor-dependent and independent signaling.

Why do car T cells target CD19?

CD19 serves as an ideal target for CAR-directed therapies because it is expressed on most B cell malignancies (including CLL, B-ALL, and many NHL), it is not expressed on hematopoietic stem cells, and elimination of all CD19+ B cells in the body is a manageable on-target treatment effect [25].

Is T-cell lymphoma an autoimmune disease?

Similar to patients with B-cell neoplasms, it appears that patients with T-cell lymphomas also have a relatively high prevalence of autoimmune conditions.

What are Daudi cells?

Daudi is a well characterized B lymphoblast cell line which has been employed extensively in studies of mechanisms of leukemogenesis. The cell line is also a suitable transfection host.

What are signs of cytokine storm?

Cytokine Storm Syndrome Symptoms

  • Fevers and chills.
  • Fatigue.
  • Swelling of extremities.
  • Nausea and vomiting.
  • Muscle and joint aches.
  • Headache.
  • Rash.
  • Cough.

What kind of cells are cart19 T cells?

These modified cells are called chimeric antigen receptor 19 (CART19) T-cells. At entry subjects will be staged and the suitability of their T cells for CART-19 manufacturing will be determined.

How are cart-19 cells measured in whole blood?

Real Time polymerase chain receptor (RT-PCR) analysis of whole blood will be used to detect and quantify survival of CART-19 TCR:4-1BB and TCR cells over time. For patients with detectable disease, measure anti-tumor response due to CART-19 cell infusions.

Are there any clinical trials for CAR T cells?

Until recently, the use of CAR T-cell therapy has been restricted to small clinical trials, largely in patients with advanced blood cancers.

How are cart-19 T cells purified for use in chemotherapy?

Subjects who have adequate T cells will be leukapheresed to obtain large numbers of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) for CART-19 manufacturing. The T cells will be purified from the PBMC, transduced with CART-19 lentiviral vector, expanded in vitro and then frozen for future administration. Chemotherapy will then be given.