What is a Scissile phosphate?
In molecular biology, a scissile bond is a covalent chemical bond that can be broken by an enzyme. Examples would be the cleaved bond in the self-cleaving hammerhead ribozyme or the peptide bond of a substrate cleaved by a peptidase.
Where is the scissile bond located?
A protease cleaves a peptide bond, called the scissile bond, between two amino acid residues named P1 and P1′ (Schechter and Berger, 1967).
What is meant by Scissile?
: capable of being cut smoothly or split easily a scissile peptide bond.
Is subtilisin toxic?
Conclusion. The results showed that oral consumption of subtilisin QK is of low toxicological concern. No adverse effects were observed at doses of 2500, 7500, and 25,000 FU/kg in the 28-day subchronic toxicity, and the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of subtilisin QK was 25,000 FU/kg.
What stabilizes the oxyanion hole?
Oxyanion holes are commonly found in many enzyme structures. They are crucial for the stabilization of high-energy oxyanion intermediates or transition states through hydrogen bonding. Typical functionalities found in enzyme oxyanion holes or chemically designed oxyanion-hole mimics are N-H and O-H groups.
What gets put into the oxyanion hole?
An oxyanion hole is a pocket in the active site of an enzyme that stabilizes transition state negative charge on a deprotonated oxygen or alkoxide. The pocket typically consists of backbone amides or positively charged residues.
What is the term of sessile?
1 : attached directly by the base : not raised upon a stalk or peduncle a sessile leaf sessile bubbles. 2 : permanently attached or established : not free to move about sessile sponges and coral polyps.
What is a free swimming?
Definition of free-swimming : able to swim about : not attached the free-swimming larva of the barnacle.
What are the Order of phosphodiester bond instabilities?
Generally, the phosphodiester bond instabilities are in the following order, with least stable linkages first: UA > CA > YC > YG > YU. Moreover, the ability to cleavage of a given phosphodiester bond depends on its position in the oligoribonucleotide. For example, UA in UCG UA A is cleaved 5- to 15-fold faster than in UCGU UA.
Which is the most stable phosphodiester bond in RR?
Phosphodiester bonds in RR and RY (R, purine) are stable under the standard cleavage conditions. Generally, the phosphodiester bond instabilities are in the following order, with least stable linkages first: UA > CA > YC > YG > YU. Moreover, the ability to cleavage of a given phosphodiester bond depends on its position in the oligoribonucleotide.
How is the phosphodiester bond shown in DNA?
Donor DNA is indicated as stippled lines and target DNA as bold lines. Strand cleavage is shown as small vertical arrows. Nucleophilic attack of the phosphodiester bond, P, by the active 3′ hydroxyl (3′OH) resulting in strand transfer is also indicated by arrows.
What are the products of phosphodiester bond hydrolysis?
Hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds has been shown to require divalent metal ions 2, 3 and to follow an S N 2-type mechanism 4, which is suggested to occur in a concerted fashion leading to inversion of configuration at the phosphorus 5, 6. The products of the reaction are DNA ends with a 3′-OH and a 5′-phosphate.