What do mesenchymal cells differentiate into?
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), or stromal stem cells, can differentiate into many different types of cells within the body, including: Bone cells, Cartilage, Muscle cells, Neural cells, Skin cells, and Corneal cells.
Are chondrocytes mesenchymal stem cells?
Chondrocytes, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, and Their Combination in Articular Cartilage Regenerative Medicine.
Does cartilage develop from mesenchymal cells?
During embryonic growth, bones and joints develop from mesenchyme, an embryonic tissue that gives rise to bone, cartilage, and fibrous connective tissues.
What do chondrocytes differentiate into?
These chondrogenic cells differentiate into so-called chondroblasts, which then synthesize the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), consisting of a ground substance (proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans for low osmotic potential) and fibers.
Why are mesenchymal stem cells known as multipotent stem cells?
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an example of tissue or ‘adult’ stem cells. They are ‘multipotent’, meaning they can produce more than one type of specialized cell of the body, but not all types. MSCs make the different specialized cells found in the skeletal tissues.
How are mesenchymal stem cells obtained from bone marrow?
MSCs were extracted using two methods: by centrifugation through ficoll gradient (CfFG) (4 samples of 60 ml volume) and by red blood cell (RBC) lysis (4 samples of 6 ml volume).
What happens to cartilage after it Hypertrophies?
As the inner cartilage hypertrophies and the ossification front extends farther outward, the remaining cartilage in the epiphyseal growth plate proliferates. As long as the epiphyseal growth plates are able to produce chondrocytes, the bone continues to grow.
What is the role of chondrocytes in cartilage formation?
Articular cartilage (AC) covers the diarthrodial joints and is responsible for the mechanical distribution of loads across the joints. The majority of its structure and function is controlled by chondrocytes that regulate Extracellular Matrix (ECM) turnover and maintain tissue homeostasis.
What is the function of articular cartilage ( AC )?
Articular cartilage (AC) is a highly organized connective tissue lining, covering the ends of bones within articulating joints. Its highly ordered structure is essential for stable motion and provides a frictionless surface easing load transfer. AC is vulnerable to lesions and, because it is aneural …
Which is the most common cartilage degenerative disease?
OA is the most prevalent type of cartilage degenerative disease, the other being rheumatoid arthritis. OA results in progressive cartilage degradation characterized by the softening, fibrillation and erosions of the articular surface [ 20 ].