Does the Gettier problem undermine JTB?
Gettier’s cases involve propositions that were true, believed, but which had weak justification. Without justification, both cases do not undermine the JTB account of knowledge.
What is the solution to the Gettier problem?
Gilbert Harman’s solution to the Gettier problem is that reasoning from a false belief precludes knowledge, but Gettier subjects do rea- son from false beliefs, and so do not know. 6 If we distinguish implicit assumptions from beliefs, then we might extend Harman’s proposal to cover false implicit assumptions too.
What is the problem Gettier pointed to?
Gettier problems or cases are named in honor of the American philosopher Edmund Gettier, who discovered them in 1963. They function as challenges to the philosophical tradition of defining knowledge of a proposition as justified true belief in that proposition.
Why gettier cases are misleading?
Gettier cases are cases of reference failure because the candidates for knowledge in these cases contain ambiguous designators. If this is correct, then we may simply be mistaking semantic facts for epistemic facts when we consider Gettier cases.
What is the opposite of Fallibilism?
Definition. In philosophy, infallibilism (sometimes called “epistemic infallibilism”) is the view that knowing the truth of a proposition is incompatible with there being any possibility that the proposition could be false.
What is gettier showing us?
Gettier shows, by means of two counterexamples, that there are cases where individuals had justified the true belief of a claim but still failed to know it; thus, he claimed to have shown that the JTB account is inadequate and can not account for all of the knowledge.
What is the fake barn case?
In a fake barn case, the agent believes that something is true because she directly perceives it. But it turns out that she is in an environment where her perceptual evidence could very easily have been misleading and led her to form a false belief.
What did Gettier argue about the JTB account?
Gettier’s paper used counterexamples (see also thought experiment) to argue that there are cases of beliefs that are both true and justified—therefore satisfying all three conditions for knowledge on the JTB account—but that do not appear to be genuine cases of knowledge.
How is the Gettier problem based on counterexamples?
Therefore, Gettier argued, his counterexamples show that the JTB account of knowledge is false, and thus that a different conceptual analysis is needed to correctly track what we mean by “knowledge”. Gettier’s case is based on two counterexamples to the JTB analysis. Each relies on two claims.
What’s the counterexample to the JTB theory?
Sober presents some Gettier-style counterexamples to JTB. Here is the one I presented in class. Suppose I see Caleb’s driver’s license and it says he is from Oklahoma City. I come to believe that (1) Caleb is from Oklahoma City.
When does JTB say that P is false?
JTB says that anytime someone has a justified true belief that p, he thereby knows that p, JTB is proven to be false. We could make Gettier’s counterexample into a little argument, as follows: