What is Uncondensed DNA called?
During interphase the DNA strands are uncoiled (uncondensed) in the nucleus. This uncondensed genetic material is called chromatin; thus an uncondensed chromosome can be called chromatin. The condensed DNA, and associated proteins, become the chromosomes.
Is heterochromatin transcribed?
Heterochromatin is a tightly packed form of DNA or condensed DNA, which comes in multiple varieties. (2002), and many other papers since, much of this DNA is in fact transcribed, but it is continuously turned over via RNA-induced transcriptional silencing (RITS). …
Is chromatin Uncondensed DNA?
Chromatin is composed of DNA and histones that are packaged into thin, stringy fibers. These chromatin fibers are not condensed but can exist in either a compact form (heterochromatin) or less compact form (euchromatin). Processes including DNA replication, transcription, and recombination occur in euchromatin.
During which phase are microtubule proteins that make up the mitotic spindle made?
Prophase
The mitotic spindle is made of long proteins called microtubules that begin forming at opposite ends of the cell. The spindle will be responsible for separating the sister chromatids into two cells. Prophase is followed by the second phase of mitosis, known as prometaphase.
What is the term that describes the complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome?
Chromatin is a complex of DNA and proteins that forms chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Each nucleosome is composed of DNA wrapped around eight proteins called histones.
How heterochromatin is formed?
Centromeres are specialized regions of the chromosome that are essential for chromosome segregation during cell division. At centromeres, heterochromatin formation is directed by RNA interference (RNAi) a naturally occurring process in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells that silences gene expression (Figure 2).
What is heterochromatin quizlet?
Heterochromatin. Condensed chromatin, associated with gene silencing. A modification the makes genes resistant to expression and which is amenable to modification. (e.g. Barr body, telomeres, centromeres, areas around the nuclear envelope).
How is chromatin fibers formed?
A nucleosome consists of 147 base pairs of DNA that is wrapped around a set of 8 histones called an octomer. The nucleosome can be further folded to produce the chromatin fiber. Chromatin fibers are coiled and condensed to form chromosomes.
How is chromatin made?
Chromatin is a complex of DNA and proteins that forms chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Under the microscope in its extended form, chromatin looks like beads on a string. The beads are called nucleosomes. Each nucleosome is composed of DNA wrapped around eight proteins called histones.