What is sight threatening diabetic retinopathy?
Sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) is an advanced microvascular of complication of diabetes on the eye. It remains one of the leading causes of preventable blindness among working age adults around the world.
What is the medical definition for diabetic retinopathy?
Diabetic retinopathy (die-uh-BET-ik ret-ih-NOP-uh-thee) is a diabetes complication that affects eyes. It’s caused by damage to the blood vessels of the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye (retina). At first, diabetic retinopathy might cause no symptoms or only mild vision problems.
What are the Etdrs classification in diabetic retinopathy?
The NPDR group was further subdivided into ETDRS classifications of moderate or better NPDR, moderate-severe NPDR, or severe NPDR. The study reported that the proportion of eyes with improvement in diabetic retinopathy severity was similar over time and between the NPDR and PDR subgroups.
What are the types of retinopathy?
Two kinds of diabetic retinopathy have the potential to diminish vision:
- In nonproliferative retinopathy, blood vessels in the retina deteriorate.
- In proliferative retinopathy, new, structurally unstable blood vessels grow on the surface of the retina.
- Proliferative retinopathy can cause retinal detachment.
What is the difference between PDR and NPDR?
As the disease progresses, it may evolve into proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), which is defined by the presence of neovascularization and has a greater potential for serious visual consequences. NPDR – Hyperglycemia results in damage to retinal capillaries.
What is inactive proliferative diabetic retinopathy?
Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) is the early stage of the disease in which symptoms will be mild or nonexistent. In NPDR, the blood vessels in the retina are weakened. Tiny bulges in the blood vessels, called microaneurysms, may leak fluid into the retina. This leakage may lead to swelling of the macula.
What is copper wiring in the eye?
Initially, the increased thickness of the vessel walls causes the reflex to be more diffuse and less bright. Progression of sclerosis and hyalinization causes the reflex to be more diffuse and the retinal arterioles to become red-brown. This is known as copper wiring.
What conditions cause retinopathy?
Although several medical conditions (e.g., sickle cell disease, lupus) can cause retinopathy, the most common causes are diabetes and hypertension (high blood pressure). Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes. Diabetes causes high blood sugar levels, which can damage blood vessels.
What kind of eye damage does diabetic retinopathy cause?
Diabetic retinopathy (die-uh-BET-ik ret-ih-NOP-uh-thee) is a diabetes complication that affects eyes. It’s caused by damage to the blood vessels of the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye (retina).
What are the stages of diabetic retinopathy?
Diabetic retinopathy has four stages: Mild Nonproliferative Retinopathy. At this earliest stage, microaneurysms occur. They are small areas of balloon-like swelling in the retina’s tiny blood vessels. Moderate Nonproliferative Retinopathy. As the disease progresses, some blood vessels that nourish the retina are blocked.
What is the grade for diabetic retinopathy in Scotland?
In the Scottish Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Scheme, NPDR is graded as: • Mild background (Level R1) • Moderate background (Level R2) • Severe background (Level R3) 1.2.3.3 Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) PDR (Level R3 in the NSC-UK grading and R4 in Scotland) is described according to: