What is RBC sequestration?
Sequestration, the adherence of infected erythrocytes containing late developmental stages of the parasite (trophozoites and schizonts) to the endothelium of capillaries and venules, is characteristic of Plasmodium falciparum infections.
What is Cytoadherence definition?
Definition. Cytoadherence is the property of Plasmodium falciparum-infected RBC to adhere to various host cell types such as endothelial cells and uninfected red cells, causing the parasite to sequester in deep vascular beds and avoid splenic clearance.
What is tissue sequestration?
This adherence of infected red blood cells (irbcs) to host tissue, also known as sequestration, occurs in small capillaries and post-capillary venules of specific organs such as the brain and lungs.
What is sequestration in cerebral malaria?
Human cerebral malaria (CM) is a serious neurological condition that can lead to coma and death. Its principal feature is endothelial damage associated with the sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum schizonts within the microvasculature of the brain (24).
Why does splenic sequestration occur?
Acute splenic sequestration happens when sickled red blood cells get trapped in the spleen, causing the spleen to enlarge. Sickle cell disease affects the red blood cells causing them to sickle or become banana-shaped. The main purpose of red blood cells (RBCs) is to deliver oxygen to the body.
What is agglutination in malaria?
Red blood cells infected with Plasmodium falciparum can adhere to each other and so form large autoagglutinates. We show that this phenotype is common in field isolates and is strongly associated with severe malaria.
What is sequestration in medicine?
Sequester: 1. In medicine, to set apart, detach or separate a small portion of tissue from the rest. May be naturally occurring or iatrogenic. 2. In bone, for a piece of dead bone to separate from the sound bone.
What is malaria Medscape?
Malaria, which predominantly occurs in tropical areas, is a potentially life-threatening parasitic disease caused by infection with Plasmodium protozoa transmitted by an infective female Anopheles mosquito vector. Individuals with malaria may present with fever and a wide range of symptoms (see the image below).
What is the pathophysiology of cerebral malaria?
Pathogenesis of cerebral malaria is due to damaged vascular endothelium by parasite sequestration, inflammatory cytokine production and vascular leakage, which result in brain hypoxia, as indicated by increased lactate and alanine concentrations.
What is the medical definition of sequestration of blood?
Formation of a sequestrum. Loss of blood or of its fluid content into body spaces so that it is withdrawn from the circulating volume, resulting in hemodynamic impairment, hypovolemia, hypotension, and reduced venous return to heart.
What does the erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( ESR ) mean?
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a blood test. The test provides a non-specific result of the presence of inflammation in the body. This means that the result can show inflammation, but it does not locate where it is or what is causing it.
What do you mean by erythrocytes in medical terms?
In medical terminologies, erythrocytes are derived from two words; ‘erythro’ and ‘cyte’. Erythro means red while cytes means cells. These blood cells are the principal means in which vertebrate organisms use to deliver oxygen to the tissues through the circulatory system.
How is the spleen involved in the process of sequestration?
Sequestration. A process in which the spleen withdraws some normal blood cells from circulation and holds them in case the body needs extra blood in an emergency. In hypersplenism, the spleen sequesters too many blood cells. Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. Copyright 2008 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.