What is MIP in biology?
Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins (MIP) belong to the family of chemotactic cytokines known as chemokines. In humans, there are two major forms, MIP-1α and MIP-1β that are now (according to the new nomenclature) officially named CCL3 and CCL4, respectively.
What is the function of MCP?
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is the most important chemokine that regulates migration and infiltration of monocytes/macrophages. MCP-1 is highly expressed in atherosclerotic plaques in response to cytokines, growth factors, oxLDL, and CD40L.
What protein is produced by macrophages?
CXCL1 and CXCL2 (also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 2-α, MIP) share 90% amino acid similarity and are secreted by monocytes and macrophages to recruit neutrophils and hematopoietic stem cells (72, 73).
Are monocytes macrophages?
Monocytes and macrophages are very closely related cells with a few important distinctions and different use cases. Put simply, monocytes are macrophages in the blood; macrophages are monocytes in tissue.
Where are monocytes found?
the bone marrow
Monocytes are the largest of the leukocytes. They are found in all vertebrates and produced in the bone marrow before being released into the circulation. Under normal conditions, monocytes make up between 3% and 8% of the circulating cell population and their numbers increase in response to infection.
Where is MCP-1 produced?
macrophages
MCP-1 is encoded by the ccl2 gene and is produced in several cell types, including macrophages and fibroblasts20. Stimulation can occur directly through activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRR) and/or by cytokines such as, inter alia, IFNβ, IL-6 and TNFα21,22,23,24,25.
What is MCP in blood?
Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) is a potent and specific activator of monocytes and basophils and causes migration of monocytes in vitro. 12, 13 It is produced by a number of cell types found within the resolving thrombus, for example, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and monocytes.
What chemicals do macrophages release?
When macrophages are exposed to inflammatory stimuli, they secrete cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-12.
What is MIP in plumbing?
An MIP fitting is one of two components in heavy-duty, threaded-piping connections. MIP typically stands for Male Iron Pipe (it might also refer to other building materials such as copper or steel). The other component is the FIP, which stands for Female Iron Pipe.
What does MIP stand for in accounting software?
MIP stands for Monthly Income Plan. MIP is today’s leading accounting software for nonprofits and government organizations across the nation. Designed to let you track unlimited funds and manage your books with ease, MIP Fund Accounting® software offers a simple way to manage intricate financial processes in a single, user-friendly system.
What is the difference between MIP and FIP?
MIP typically stands for Male Iron Pipe (it might also refer to other building materials such as copper or steel). The other component is the FIP, which stands for Female Iron Pipe.
When to use a MIP threaded pipe fitting?
MIP threaded pipe fittings are typically found in heavy-duty pipe in highly-pressurized systems, or for pipes that carry potentially dangerous materials such as natural gas. Often, threaded pipe is used to make secure, airtight connections that might need to be disassembled later on.