How does a flash furnace work?
Flash smelting entails continuously blowing oxygen, air, dried particulate sulfide concentrate and silica flux into a 1300 °C furnace. The principal objective of flash smelting is to produce molten matte that is richer in Ni (and other metals) than the original concentrate.
What is an ISA furnace?
The ISASMELT™ furnace is a vertical steel cylinder that is lined with high quality refractory bricks. Air, oxygen and fuel are injected through the ISASMELT™ lance into a molten slag bath.
How does a copper smelter work?
The copper concentrates are fed through the flash smelting furnace with oxygen-enriched air. In the furnace, the concentrates are instantly oxidized, after which they melt and separate by their own reaction heat into copper matte with a grade of 65% and slag consisting of iron oxide, silica, and other compounds.
What is smelting of ore?
Smelting is a form of extractive metallurgy to produce a metal from its ore. Smelting uses heat and a chemical reducing agent to decompose the ore, driving off other elements as gasses or slag and leaving just the metal behind.
How does a reverberatory furnace work?
reverberatory furnace, in copper, tin, and nickel production, a furnace used for smelting or refining in which the fuel is not in direct contact with the ore but heats it by a flame blown over it from another chamber. The heat passes over the hearth, in which the ore is placed, and then reverberates back.
What is a Peirce Smith converter?
matte smelting this operation has been the Peirce-Smith converter. This is a rotatable, refractory-lined, horizontal steel drum with an opening at the centre of the top for charging and discharging and a row of tuyeres across the back through which air, oxygen-enriched air, or oxygen can be blown into the liquid bath.…
What is the process of smelting?
smelting, process by which a metal is obtained, either as the element or as a simple compound, from its ore by heating beyond the melting point, ordinarily in the presence of oxidizing agents, such as air, or reducing agents, such as coke.
How do they process copper?
Copper mining is usually performed using open-pit mining, in which a series of stepped benches are dug deeper and deeper into the earth over time. To remove the ore, boring machinery is used to drill holes into the hard rock, and explosives are inserted into the drill holes to blast and break the rock.
What is a smelting process?
Why lime is added in smelting process?
Calcium oxide, in the form of lime, was often used for this purpose, since it could react with the carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide produced during roasting and smelting to keep them out of the working environment.
Which process is conducted in a reverberatory furnace?
The process of calcination and roasting is carried out in reverberatory furnace.
What kind of Technology is used in ISASMELT?
ISASMELT™ technology is based on a furnace design which is readily enclosed to eliminate emissions to the surrounding environment. It uses submerged lance injection technology to provide highly efficient mixing and reaction of feed materials in a molten slag bath.
How is ISASMELT TSL used in copper smelting?
ISASMELT TSL technology is well established for both primary and secondary copper and lead smelting. ISASMELT™ technology is based on a furnace design which is readily enclosed to eliminate emissions to the surrounding environment.
When did the isamelt process technology come out?
ISAMELT technology is a relatively new commercially available approach which launched in 2009 and is based on furnace design which was derived and developed from the first ever demonstration level furnace in 1983 in Australia.
What is the temperature of an ISASMELT furnace?
ISASMELT furnaces typically operate in the range of 1000–1200 °C, depending on the application. The refractory bricks that form the internal lining of the furnace protect the steel shell from the heat inside the furnace.