Why is Glycaemic control important?
During the past decade, clinical trials have demonstrated the importance of glycemic control in preventing and reducing the complications of diabetes, and several new therapeutic agents have become available to improve (metformin, thia- zolidinediones, insulin analogs) and monitor (less painful and continuous …
What is poor Glycaemic control?
Poor glycaemic control in Type 2 diabetes has been described as “a conspiracy of disease, suboptimal therapy and attitude” [8], whereby poor glycaemic control may be attributable to a number of factors, including disease progression, insulin avoidance and side effects of therapy (particularly hypoglycaemia and weight …
What is glycemic control for adults?
The goals of glycemic control in the older adult are to minimize symptoms related to hyperglycemia (e.g., tiredness, thirst, polyuria, dehydration, ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar state, delirium, cognitive impairment, depression); reduce cardiovascular risk (if possible) and microvascular disease; encourage self-care; and …
What is adequate glycemic control?
Good glycemic control: average fasting blood glucose of 80–130 mg/dL. Poor glycemic control: average fasting blood glucose of > 130 mg/dL.
What affects glycemic control?
A variety of factors are identified in influencing glycemic control including age, sex, education, marital status, BMI, smoking, diabetes duration, and type of medications [5]. However, the results are not consistent and, in most instances, more than half of the variance in HbA1c levels is not explained [6].
What causes poor Glycaemic control?
Two main causes of poor glycaemic control has been describe in diabetic patients: lack of patient adherence to antidiabetic drugs and lack of treatment intensification by the physician.
What is glycemic control in diabetes?
Glycemic control remains a delicate balancing act. The diabetic patient is tasked with maintaining euglycemic blood glucose levels, a goal requiring education, decision strategies, volitional control, and the wisdom to avoid hyper- and hypoglycemia, with the latter defined as plasma glucose less than ∼60 mg/dl.
How do you maintain glycemic control?
Approaches for achieving glycemic control vary and include lifestyle modifications (ie, changes in diet and physical activity), oral medications, and/or an insulin regimen. Because diabetes is a progressive disease, intensification of management with oral medications and insulin is often required.
How is glycemic control measured?
Glycated hemoglobin (A1C, hemoglobin A1C, HbA1c), which reflects average levels of blood glucose over the previous two to three months, is the most widely used test to monitor chronic glycemic control. It is used to diagnose diabetes and to monitor the efficacy of treatment.
How do you increase glycemic control?
Recent evidence suggests that an increase in nonexercise physical activity is effective in reducing postprandial hyperglycemia and improving glycemic control. Therefore, patients with type 2 diabetes should be encouraged to undertake light physical activity frequently throughout the day.
Why is glycemic control important for diabetes?
Intensive glycemic control reduces risk of microvascular complications in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, and long-term treatment and follow-up studies have shown that initial intensive control is associated with reduced cardiovascular risk.
What is poor glycemic control?
Poor glycemic control refers to persistently elevated blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels, which may range from 200–500 mg/dl (11–28 mmol/L) and 9–15% or higher over months and years before severe complications occur.
Does glycemic control reduce cardiovascular complications?
Further, a recent meta-analysis concluded that intensive glycemic control does not significantly reduce risk for all-cause or cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, composite microvascular complications, or retinopathy.
What is the definition of glycemic control?
Glycemic control. Glycemic control is a medical term referring to the typical levels of blood sugar (glucose) in a person with diabetes mellitus. Much evidence suggests that many of the long-term complications of diabetes, especially the microvascular complications, result from many years of hyperglycemia (elevated levels of glucose in the blood).
How can I calculate glycemic load (GL)?
Check international tables to get the GI for a specific food. To calculate glycemic load,you need to know the glycemic index value assigned for that particular food.