What is recombinant GM-CSF?
Recombinant human GM-CSF (rhGM-CSF) promotes the production of myeloid cells of the granulocytic (neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils) and monocytic lineages in vivo. It has been tested for mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells and for treating chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in patients.
What does GM-CSF stimulate?
Function. GM-CSF is a monomeric glycoprotein that functions as a cytokine — it is a white blood cell growth factor. GM-CSF stimulates stem cells to produce granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils) and monocytes.
Is GM-CSF inflammatory?
Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is generally recognized as an inflammatory cytokine. Its inflammatory activity is primarily due its role as a growth and differentiation factor for granulocyte and macrophage populations.
How do you reconstitute GM-CSF?
Reconstitution Recommendation: We recommend that the vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Lyophilized recombinant human GM-CSF should be reconstituted in sterile, distilled water to 0.1-1.0 mg/mL to regain full activity.
How is GM-CSF administered?
The GM-CSF was administered subcutaneously in 28-day cycles, such that a dose of 125 microg/m2 was delivered daily for 14 days followed by 14 days rest. Treatment cycles continued for 3 years or until disease recurrence, which could not be surgically excised.
Is GM-CSF a cytokine?
Multiple studies have demonstrated that GM-CSF is also an immune-modulatory cytokine, capable of affecting not only the phenotype of myeloid lineage cells, but also T-cell activation through various myeloid intermediaries.
What is the difference between M CSF and GM-CSF?
M-CSF exhibits a mostly homeostatic expression pattern, whereas GM-CSF is a product of cells activated during inflammatory or pathologic conditions. Accordingly, M-CSF regulates the numbers of various tissue macrophage and monocyte populations without altering their “activation” status.
What does GM-CSF do to dendritic cells?
GM-CSF also plays an essential role in the differentiation of dendritic cells (DCs), rendering them tolerogenic and inducing T-cell-mediated tolerance (13). DCs originate from hematopoietic bone marrow progenitor cells, which play a significant role in the orchestration of immune responses.
What is G-CSF injection?
G-CSF injections are a synthetic version of this naturally occurring growth factor. G-CSF injections are given before you donate your stem cells to boost your white cells and to release stem cells into the bloodstream ready to collect. G-CSF is also given to some patients receiving treatment for cancer.
What causes GM-CSF?
GM-CSF is produced by various cell types including macrophages, mast cells, T cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells 8, 9, mostly in response to immune activation and cytokines that mediate inflammation.