What is Muskingum parameter?
The parameter X of the Muskingum method is a physical parameter that reflects the flood peak attenuation and hydrograph shape flattening of a diffusion wave in motion. In this paper, the historic process that hydrologists have undergone to find a physical explanation of this parameter is briefly discussed.
What is the Muskingum method?
The Muskingum method is a hydrological flow routing model with lumped parameters, which describes the transformation of discharge waves in a river bed using two equations. These equations are applied within a river reach between two cross sections of a river.
How are Muskingum parameters calculated?
In the absence of flow measurements, Muskingam parameters, K and X, can be estimated from channel characteristics. Vw = I / B (dQ/dy), where B is top width of the water surface and dQ/dy is the slope of the discharge rating curve at a representative channel cross section.
What is Muskingum method used for?
The Muskingum routing procedure is used for systems that have Storage – Discharge relationships that are hysteretic. That is, for systems for which the outflow is not a unique function of storage. The S vs. O relationship for the river reach under consideration is graphed below.
Which of the following are the Muskingum storage equations?
Equations
- I = inflow to the reach [m3/s]
- O = outflow from the reach [m3/s]
- S = storage in the reach [m3]
- t = time [s]
- x = weighting coefficient.
- k = storage constant [s]
What is Muskingum Cunge?
The Muskingum-Cunge method is a method of flood routing that improves on the classical Muskingum method (Chow, 1959) by using physical-numerical principles established by Cunge to calculate the routing parameters (Cunge, 1969).
What are the input data required for Muskingum method of flood routing?
Data
| Field in Data Entry Form | Description |
|---|---|
| Distance to Next | distance to next discharge point or cross section in metres (a zero specifies the end of the reach and for this last node the k and x values will not be used) |
| Bed Elevation | bed elevation in m AD (not used in computations) |
| K Parameter | Muskingum k parameter (s) |
What is reservoir routing?
Reservoir routing is actually simply the numerical solution of a differential equation. Any standard method can be used, and all are simpler than the traditional method. The presentation incorporates the case where reservoir outflow may be varied by control of valves or spillway gates.
What is index flow in HEC HMS?
In the HEC-HMS 4.3 Users Manual I found the following text: “The index flow should represent the expected maximum flow in the reach”. So could you put in some arbitrary flow for the index flow, run the model, look at the peak flow at the upstream end of the reach, enter that as the index flow and run it again.
What is reservoir and channel routing?
These are reservoir routing and channel routing. In reservoir routing the effect of a flood wave entering a reservoir is studied. In channel routing the change in the shape of a hydrograph as it travels down a channel is studied.
What is Prism and wedge storage?
Prism storage is essentially the storage under the steady-flow water surface profile. Wedge storage is the additional storage under the actual water surface profile. During the falling stages of a flood wave, the wedge storage is negative and subtracted from the prism storage.
How to estimate the parameters ( k and X ) for Muskingum?
In the absence of flow measurements, Muskingam parameters, K and X, can be estimated from channel characteristics. Vw = I / B (dQ/dy), where B is top width of the water surface and dQ/dy is the slope of the discharge rating curve at a representative channel cross section.
When do you use the Muskingum routing procedure?
The Muskingum routing procedure is used for systems that have Storage – Discharge relationships that are hysteretic. That is, for systems for which the outflow is not a unique function of storage. The S vs. O relationship for the river reach under consideration is graphed below.
What was the purpose of the Muskingum method?
The Muskingum Method. The Muskingum method of flood routing was developed in the 1930s in connection with the design of flood protection schemes in the Muskingum River Basin, Ohio, USA. It is the most widely used method of hydrologic river routing, with numerous applications throughout the world.
How to use Muskingum to route a hydrograph?
Use the Muskingum routing procedure to route the hydrograph tabulated below through the same river reach of Part A Select a D t = 1 h, as suggested by the inflow data. However, check that with the selected D t, parameter values meet restrictions: x < 0.5 D t/k < 1 – x