What is HC ppm on emissions?
Find “HC PPM” within the tailpipe section. You read this as hydrocarbon parts per million, and it means the number of hydrocarbon molecules for every million molecules emitted through the exhaust.
How many trucks failed the emissions test in 2005?
Of the 314 vehicles inspected, 219 trucks failed the test and required repairs. A majority (92%) of these vehicles were equipped with engines of model years of 1990 and older. Some of the results are summarized in the first column of Table 2 (labeled “2005 ARB Data”).
What is the correlation coefficient for smoke opacity?
The correlation coefficient (R 2) for smoke opacity and UDDS PM emissions was 0.23. It was found that pre-repair driving cycle CO (R 2 = 0.85) and driving cycle CO and HC emissions (R 2 = 0.94) are more accurate predictors of PM.
When to reduce the dose of Murtagh for renal failure?
In severe renal failure, reduce usual dose by 50 75% recommended (ref 28 and 38 in Murtagh). Metabolites are inactive/non-toxic and as such is considered safe; Reduce normal dose by 25% when CrCl is 10-50 ml/min; reduce by 50% when CrCl is < 10 ml/min (ref 28 in Murtagh). Reduce by 1/3 to ½ in uremia
How often does a diesel engine fail a smoke test?
Data collected by the California Air Resources Board (ARB) from roadside smoke test failures on heavy-duty diesel vehicles inspected from 2001 to 2005 provides some quantitative information on the most common engine repairs required to pass the inspection [1331]. Of the 314 vehicles inspected, 219 trucks failed the test and required repairs.
What is HC on smog test?
Hydrocarbons are basically raw fuel, otherwise known as Gasoline. High Hydrocarbon (HC) emissions are almost always a sign of poor fuel ignition. However, it’s not always that the engine’s ignition system is responsible for high Hydrocarbon emissions.
What causes high HC and CO emissions?
If the fuel system is delivering a leaner than ideal air-fuel ratio, it may result in lean misfire and cause high hydrocarbons. If the fuel system is too rich, it also may result in high HC but will be accompanied by high CO as well.
How can I lower the HC emissions on my car?
On a precomputer carbureted car, one way to get under the HC and CO limits is to retard the ignition timing. This will slow the idle and provide a longer, hotter burn. Then, bring the idle speed back up to specs with the throttle stop screw or idle stop solenoid, which will admit more air.
Is HC a pollutant?
The criteria pollutant emissions generated from fuel combustion by internal combustion engines (ICE) include nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2, together called NOx), hydrocarbons (HC)—also known as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter of size <10 …
What chemicals are in diesel exhaust?
Each of these, in turn, is made up of many different substances. The gas portion of diesel exhaust is mostly carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur oxides, and hydrocarbons, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).