What is endogenous nosocomial infection?
Nosocomial infections can also arise from endogenous or exogenous sources. Endogenous sources imply self-infection with a patient’s own overgrowth of bacterial flora, typically as a result of the use of broad spectrum antimicrobials affecting an otherwise normal balance in the patient’s normal flora.
What is an example of exogenous infection?
A significant amount of prominent diseases are induced by exogenous bacteria such as gonorrhea, meningitis, tetanus, and syphilis. Pathogenic exogenous bacteria can enter a host via cutaneous transmission, inhalation, and consumption.
How does endogenous infection occur?
In the case of endogenous infections, we become infected with our own bacteria, our own microflora. This might happen if a barrier between sterile and non-sterile tissues is broken, such as with a bowel perforation.
What are the four most common nosocomial infections?
The most common type of nosocomial infections are surgical wound infections, respiratory infections, genitourinary infections, as well as gastrointestinal infections.
How is the endogenous opioid system related to pain management?
The endogenous opioid system and clinical pain management The endogenous opioid system is one of the most studied innate pain-relieving systems. This system consists of widely scattered neurons that produce three opioids: beta-endorphin, the met- and leu-enkephalins, and the dynorphins.
What are the role of endogenous opioids in Parkinson disease?
Endogenous opioids may participate in the pathophysiology of Parkinson disease (PD) and seizures, and may have an important role in mechanisms of neuroprotection. All these subjects have been recently reviewed. 1,–,11
What is the role of the opioid system?
The opioid system has an important role in mechanisms of supraspinal, spinal, and peripheral analgesia; reward-mediating food intake and drug addiction; and modulation of emotion and stress responses. Endogenous opioids may participate in the pathophysiology of Parkinson disease (PD) and seizures, and may have an important role in…