What is different in initiation between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
The table below gives the Difference Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Translation….Difference Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Translation.
| Prokaryotic Translation | Eukaryotic Translation |
|---|---|
| Cap initiation | |
| Cap-independent | Cap-dependent and Cap-independent |
| Performed by | |
| 70S ribosomes | 80S ribosomes |
What is the initiation complex for eukaryotic translation?
Eukaryotic translation initiation: Complex of small ribosomal subnit and initiator tRNA (bearing methionine) binds to 5′ cap of mRNA. Initiator tRNA binds to start codon. Large ribosomal subunit comes together with the mRNA, initiator tRNA, and small ribosomal subunit to form the initiation complex.
Does initiation occur in prokaryotes?
In prokaryotes, mRNA synthesis is initiated at a promoter sequence on the DNA template comprising two consensus sequences that recruit RNA polymerase. The prokaryotic polymerase consists of a core enzyme of four protein subunits and a σ protein that assists only with initiation.
How does the protein process differ in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
In eukaryotes, protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm. In prokaryotes, protein synthesis begins even before the transcription of mRNA molecule is completed. Therefore mRNA processing is not required. The primary mRNA transcript in eukaryotes undergoes processing and splicing to change into a functional mRNA.
Where does initiation start in eukaryotes?
The initiation codon of a eukaryotic mRNA is normally the first AUG triplet downstream of the 5′-terminal cap and is usually separated from it by 50–100 nt. After cap-mediated attachment to mRNA, a 43S complex is thought to scan downstream from the 5′-end until it encounters the initiation codon.
What is the first step in the initiation of eukaryotic transcription?
Initiation. The initiation of gene transcription in eukaryotes occurs in specific steps. First, an RNA polymerase along with general transcription factors binds to the promoter region of the gene to form a closed complex called the preinitiation complex.
Which of the following is required for transcription initiation in eukaryotes?
RNA polymerase
Like prokaryotic cells, the transcription of genes in eukaryotes requires the action of an RNA polymerase to bind to a DNA sequence upstream of a gene in order to initiate transcription.
Why are eukaryotic systems so complex as compared to bacteria or prokaryotes What are the advantages and disadvantages?
Without organelles, the whole prokaryotic cell has to do everything, and the level of efficiency is lower. The absence of a cell wall in complex eukaryotes is the advantage that allows the eukaryotic cells to organize themselves into structures such as organs, bones, plant stems and fruit.