What is a hypervariable region of DNA?
A hypervariable region (HVR) is a location within nuclear DNA or the D-loop of mitochondrial DNA in which base pairs of nucleotides repeat (in the case of nuclear DNA) or have substitutions (in the case of mitochondrial DNA). Changes or repeats in the hypervariable region are highly polymorphic.
Does mitochondrial DNA have hypervariable regions?
Non-human DNA Canine mitochondrial DNA possesses two hypervariable regions (HV1 and HV2) similar to the human mtDNA described in Chapter 14.
What is hypervariable region in antibody?
Definition. Hypervariable regions are domains on immunoglobulin heavy and light chains variable regions that are in direct contact with antigen and are frequently mutated to allow diverse antigenic specificities to be recognized.
How many hypervariable regions are in nuclear DNA?
The three hypervariable regions were amplified by using two sets of PCR reactions.
What is hinge region?
The hinge region is a flexible amino acid stretch in the central part of the heavy chains of the IgG and IgA immunoglobulin classes, which links these 2 chains by disulfide bonds.
What causes immunoglobulin diversity?
The sources of antibody diversity include the presence of multiple V gene segments, combinatorial diversity resulting from random recombination of V, D, and J segments, diversity due to insertion of nucleotides which result in amino acid changes in the V-D and D-J junctions, and the coexpression of different heavy and …
What is the name of the hypervariable region of immunoglobin which is responsible for its diversity?
CDR
4. What is the name of the hypervariable region of immunoglobin, which is responsible for its diversity? Explanation: CDR is complementarity determining regions which impart the diversity in the variable region of both heavy and light chains.
What is a hinge domain?
The hinge region is a stretch of heavy chains between the Fab and Fc portions. Its unique structure and position provide segmental flexibility, which is essential for normal functioning of antibodies (e.g., for crosslinking two antigens or binding two antigenic determinants on the same antigen molecule).