What does Carbonic anhydrase 2 do?
Carbonic anhydrase II (gene name CA2), is one of sixteen forms of human α carbonic anhydrases. Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Defects in this enzyme are associated with osteopetrosis and renal tubular acidosis.
Where is carbonic anhydrase 2 found?
proximal convoluted tubule
This enzyme is present in cells of the proximal convoluted tubule and in the late distal nephron segments. It is involved in the process of H+ secretion in both locations. Hence patients lacking this enzyme develop both proximal RTA and distal RTA. Carbonic anhydrase II is also involved in bone reabsorption.
What is the function of carbonic anhydrase enzyme?
carbonic anhydrase, enzyme found in red blood cells, gastric mucosa, pancreatic cells, and renal tubules that catalyzes the interconversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbonic acid (H2CO3). Carbonic anhydrase plays an important role in respiration by influencing CO2 transport in the blood.
What is the CA2 gene?
CA2 (Carbonic Anhydrase 2) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CA2 include Osteopetrosis, Autosomal Recessive 3 and Renal Tubular Acidosis. Among its related pathways are Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide and Neuroscience.
How does carbonic anhydrase affect blood pH?
Carbonic anhydrase, which is found within red blood cells, catalyzes a reaction converting CO2 and water into carbonic acid, which dissociates into protons, and bicarbonate ions. This process also maintains blood pH by controlling the amount of bicarbonate ions and protons dissolved in the blood.
What happens if carbonic anhydrase is inhibited?
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors may cause electrolyte imbalances, and therefore are not recommended in patients with hypokalemia, hyponatremia, metabolic acidosis, hyperchloremic acidosis, adrenal insufficiency, or marked renal impairment.
What class of enzyme is carbonic anhydrase?
Carbonic anhydrase from mammals belong to the alpha class, the plant enzymes belong to the beta class, while the enzyme from methane-producing bacteria that grow in hot springs forms the gamma class. Thus it is apparent that these enzyme classes have evolved independently to create a similar enzyme active site.
What reaction does carbonic anhydrase?
What Reaction is Catalyzed? Carbonic Anhydrase Catalyzes the Reaction of water + carbon dioxide to form bicarbonate.
What type of enzyme is carbonic anhydrase?
zinc
Carbonic anhydrase (CA; carbonate hydro-lyase, EC 4.2. 1.1) is a zinc-containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide: CO2+ H2O<–>HCO3(-)+H+. The enzyme is the target for drugs, such as acetazolamide, methazolamide, and dichlorphenamide, for the treatment of glaucoma.
Where is enzyme carbonic anhydrase located what is its function?
Carbonic anhydrase is defined as an enzyme. It is found in red blood cells, pancreatic cells, gastric mucosa, and the renal tubules that catalyze the interconversion of carbonic acid (H2CO3) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
What role does carbonic acid play in blood pH?
Carbonic acid is already a component of the buffering system of blood. Thus hydronium ions are removed, preventing the pH of blood from becoming acidic. On the other hand, when a basic substance enters the bloodstream, carbonic acid reacts with the hydroxide ions producing bicarbonate ions and water.
How does carbonic anhydrase affect this reaction?
Carbonic anhydrase, which is found within red blood cells, catalyzes a reaction converting CO2 and water into carbonic acid, which dissociates into protons, and bicarbonate ions. In the lungs, carbonic anhydrase reverses the reaction, turning the carbonic acid back into CO2 to be exhaled.