What did Basil Bernstein Find out about speech codes?
Bernstein looked at the role of language and its affects in educational success. Bernstein argued there are two types of language use, what he termed elaborated and restricted codes. Bernstein stressed how the language used in schools is mainly that of the elaborated code which is used by the middle-classes.
What is restricted code language?
A concept introduced by the English sociologist Basil Bernstein (1924–2000) to denote an informal use of language, linked to immediate situations (context bound), with a reduced semantic and syntactic range, supposedly characteristic of lower-working-class speakers, in contrast to middle-class speakers who have access …
What are language codes sociology?
Language codes refer to the different ways people communicate and particularly to a theory by Bernstein that suggests that middle-class school pupils can switch between the restricted language code associated with casual speech and the elaborate code that is used in more formal situations and is the code associated …
What is elaborate code?
elaborated code in British English (ɪˈlæbəˌreɪtɪd kəʊd) linguistics. a way of talking which is explicit and does not assume that the listener shares the same assumptions and understandings as the speaker. Collins English Dictionary.
What is linguistic code?
A linguistic “code” is a medium through which signs are created. Computing and genetics also offer two cases where the definition of “code” cannot contain the operations they enable, without admitting to it the functions of a medium.
How does restricted speech code cause underachievement?
The restricted code is used mainly by working class and may lead to underachievement because it uses limited vocabulary and simple short sentences, this makes working class pupils disadvantaged, as teachers, books and exams use the elaborated speech code typically used by the middle class.
Who is Bowles gintis?
Economists and social theorists Sam Bowles and Herb Gintis develop their ‘correspondence’ theory of the connections between education and social inequality. The educational system helps integrate youth into the economic system … through a structural correspondence between its social relations and those of production.
What did Basil Bernstein study?
Basil Bernstein makes a significant contribution to the study of Communication with his sociolinguistic theory of language codes. Within the broader category of language codes are elaborated and restricted codes. In his theory, Bernstein makes a direct correlation between societal class and language.