What are examples of cytotoxin?
A cytotoxin (noun) has a direct toxic or destructive effect on certain cells of the body (usually those of a particular organ). Specific examples include nephrotoxins which damage the kidneys and neurotoxins which damage the nervous system and brain.
What does cytotoxin do to the body?
Cytotoxins: chemicals that kill cells. Lysis: cell death because of damaged membranes. Cytotoxins are the chemical weapons that Killer T-cells use to destroy infected cells. Viruses take over healthy cells and trick them into making many more viruses.
What does cytotoxic mean?
Listen to pronunciation. (SY-toh-TOK-sik AY-jent) A substance that kills cells, including cancer cells. These agents may stop cancer cells from dividing and growing and may cause tumors to shrink in size.
What is a cyto toxin?
19.3. A cytotoxin is any substance that has a toxic effect on an important cellular function, such as venom or a chemical agent.
Is perforin a cytotoxin?
Function. Perforin is a pore forming cytolytic protein found in the granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer cells (NK cells). Upon degranulation, perforin binds to the target cell’s plasma membrane, and oligomerises in a Ca2+ dependent manner to form pores on the target cell.
Is alcohol a cytotoxic?
Short-term exposures to ethanol concentrations found in alcoholic beverages are cytotoxic to human epithelial keratinocytes.
Is Cytotoxin an exotoxin?
There are 3 types of exotoxins: cytotoxins, neurotoxins, and enterotoxins. (1) Cytotoxins kill the host cell or disrupt its normal functions. An example is Streptococcus pyogenes, which sysnthesizes three types of cytotoxins, which are known as erythrotoxins because they damage red blood cells.
What is Cytotoxin made of?
Cytotoxic effector proteins released by cytotoxic T cells. When purified granules from cytotoxic T cells are added to target cells in vitro, they lyse the cells by creating pores in the lipid bilayer. The pores consist of polymers of perforin, which is a major constituent of these granules.
Is erlotinib cytotoxic?
Pretreatment with erlotinib exerted the least profound cytotoxic effect, whereas the administration of cytotoxic drugs followed by erlotinib exhibited the most potent cytotoxic effects.
What is bacterial cytotoxin?
BACTERIAL CYTOTOXINS. Definitions. The term cytotoxin refers to a bacterial product that is capable of killing mammalian cells, usually by inhibiting protein synthesis (I). Cytotoxic activity is usually demonstrated in vitro by damage to cells in tissue cultures (3).
What is cytotoxin made of?
Are Perforins cytokines?
Preformed perforin granules predominate in unstimulated cells, which are not producing cytokines.
How to use cytotoxin in a sentence?
Definition of cytotoxin : a substance (such as a toxin or antibody) having a toxic effect on cells Examples of cytotoxin in a Sentence Recent Examples on the Web The venom is a cytotoxin (cell-destroying) that produces massive tissue damage, and what is reported to be the most agonizing of any snakebite.
How are cytotoxins used by killer T cells?
Cytotoxins are the chemical weapons that Killer T-cells use to destroy infected cells. Viruses take over healthy cells and trick them into making many more viruses. When those viruses get out, they can infect even more healthy cells.
What is the difference between lysis and cytotoxins?
Cytotoxins: chemicals that kill cells. Lysis: cell death because of damaged membranes. Cytotoxins are the chemical weapons that Killer T-cells use to destroy infected cells. Viruses take over healthy cells and trick them into making many more viruses.
Which is the best definition of a cytotoxic drug?
Cytotoxic Drugs. Most of the time the term “cytotoxic” refers to the effect that a chemotherapy drug has on cancer cells. In this sense, a cytotoxic agent may be differentiated from one that is cytostatic.