How rat-race coupler works?
Rat-race couplers are used to sum two in-phase combined signals with essentially no loss or to equally split an input signal with no resultant phase difference between its outputs.
Why rat-race coupler is called rat-race?
Applications of rat-race couplers are numerous, and include mixers and phase shifters. The rat-race gets its name from its circular shape, shown below. The circumference is 1.5 wavelengths.
What is rat-race junction?
Rat-race junction is a microwave device used when there is a need to combine two signals with no phase difference and to avoid the signals that have a path difference. A normal three port Tee junction is taken and 4th port is added to it, to make this rat-race junction.
What is a hybrid ring?
A four-port device by which two input signals A and B are combined to give two output combinations A + B and A – B , with a high degree of isolation between one input port and the other and between one output port and the other, and such that identical cables are matched (see matching) at all four ports.
Which one is used to couple the ports?
RF Combiner Splitter Couplers & Hybrids Includes: RF directional couplers are electronic items that couple a defined amount of the electromagnetic power in a transmission line to a port enabling the signal to be used in another circuit.
How does a branch line coupler work?
Branch line couplers are used for either splitting or combining power. This type of coupler is made up of two sets of coupled ports with a phase difference of 90° between them. The power enters through one input port and is then divided equally between two output ports. The fourth port is isolated.
What is directional coupler in microwave?
A Directional coupler is a device that samples a small amount of Microwave power for measurement purposes. The power measurements include incident power, reflected power, VSWR values, etc. Directional coupler is used to couple the Microwave power which may be unidirectional or bi-directional.
Why it is called magic tee?
The name magic tee is derived from the way in which power is divided among the various ports. A signal injected into the H-plane port will be divided equally between ports 1 and 2, and will be in phase.
What is coupling in directional coupler?
The Coupling factor of a directional coupler is the ratio of incident power to the forward power, measured in dB.
What is a 90 degree hybrid coupler?
A 90 degree hybrid coupler is a four-port device that is used either to equally split an input signal into two paths with a 90 degree phase shift between them or to combine two signals while maintaining high isolation between them. Many of IPP’s 90-degree hybrid RF couplers are RoHS compliant.
What are RF couplers?
RF couplers are passive devices that sample a small amount of signal from an RF chain. Many RF components have an input port where the signal goes in, and an output port where the signal comes out. Couplers have an additional “coupled” port which taps the main signal at a small fraction of the power of the thru line.