Can female dogs get perineal hernias?
Perineal hernias occur most frequently in older, non-castrated male dogs, although there are a few reports of perineal hernias in female dogs and an increasing number of reports describing perineal hernias in cats.
What is the perineal area on a female?
The female perineum is a diamond-shaped structure inferior to the pelvic diaphragm and between the symphysis pubis and coccyx. The perineum is divided into the anterior urogenital triangle and the pos- terior anal triangle; the vulva represents the external genitalia.
What is a perineal hernia in a dog?
A perineal hernia is a condition seen in dogs and cats in which the pelvic diaphragm becomes weakened. This results in displacement of pelvic and abdominal organs (rectum, prostate, bladder, or fat) into the region surrounding the anus.
What does a perineal hernia in dogs look like?
Signs and Symptoms: Pets with perineal hernias typically demonstrate a swelling adjacent to the anus on one or both sides (Figure 1). The swelling may contain herniated abdominal and pelvic canal contents, such as a dilated rectum, prostate, urinary bladder, fat, omentum, and small intestine.
How serious is perineal hernia in dogs?
Treatment. Perineal hernia is uncommonly an emergency, except when the bladder has herniated, resulting in urinary obstruction, or when a loop of intestine is strangulated, resulting in ischemia.
Is the female perineum sensitive?
Perineum: A bit less invasive than the last, the perineum is located between the scrotum and the anus. It’s a tiny little spot that can be extremely sensitive because of the presence of nerve endings as well as the pelvic floor muscles.
What is in the superficial perineal space?
The superficial perineal space contains the erectile tissues, skeletal muscles, and the terminal branches of the internal pudendal vessels and nerves.
How can I help my dog with perineal hernia?
If the clinical signs associated with a perineal hernia (PAH) are minimal, conservative treatment is an option but is rarely successful in controlling the clinical signs long term. Conservative therapy would include a high fiber/moist diet, stool softeners, and manual removal of impacted feces.
How do dogs get a perineal hernia?
There are a number of possible causes for perineal hernias. It is believed that intact male dogs, due to their often enlarged prostate, exert more pressure when urinating and defecating, and the tissues around the rectum eventually stretch, weaken and then tear, resulting in a perineal hernia.
What is the perineal pouch?
Description. The deep perineal pouch (also deep perineal space) is the anatomic space enclosed in part by the perineum, and located superior to the perineal membrane. It is bordered inferiorly by the perineal membrane, also known as the inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm.
Why is the superficial perineal pouch an open compartment?
Structure. The superficial perineal pouch is an open compartment, due to the fact that anteriorly, the space communicates freely with the potential space lying between the superficial fascia of the anterior abdominal wall and the anterior abdominal muscles: its inferior border is the fascia of Colles, the deeper membranous layer…
Is the perineal pouch anterior to the bulbospongiosus muscle?
Inferior and posterior to the bulbospongiosus muscle is the superficial perineal pouch. It is limited posteriorly (and simultaneously separated from the perianal space) by Colle’s fascia. Anteriorly, the superficial perineal compartment limited by Gallaudet’s fascia.
Which is a compartment of the perineum called?
The superficial perineal pouch (also superficial perineal compartment/space/sac) is a compartment of the perineum .
Which is the superficial boundary of the perineal membrane?
Perineal membrane (inferior view) The perineal membrane provides a caudal (superficial) boundary for the deep perineal pouch, which is also limited rostrally (deeply) by the endopelvic fascia of the pelvic floor. The deep perineal pouch is occupied by the pubourethralis and deep transverse perinei muscles.