What is the elaborated language code?
a style of language use associated with formal situations and characterized by explicitness, lack of dependence on the external context, syntactic complexity, and individuality of expression. Compare code (def. 11b), restricted code.
What are restricted codes?
Restricted codes are context bound and cannot be easily understood without additional information beyond that in the message. This entry describes elaborated and restricted codes, discussing the implications of the elaborated–restricted code distinction for the study of communication.
What is restricted speech code?
Restricted speech code is a kind of shorthand speech, which Bernstein claimed is used by the working class and in more generality by married couples. This can involve not finishing sentences properly as there is a mutual understanding between the people having the conversation.
What is restricted code in sociology?
What was Bernstein’s theory?
Littlejohn (2002) suggests that Bernstein’s theory shows how the language people use in everyday conversation both reflects and shapes the assumptions of a certain social group. Furthermore, relationships established within the social group affect the way that group uses language, and the type of speech that is used.
What are restricted languages?
A reduced form of a LANGUAGE: ‘Some REGISTERS are extremely restricted in purpose. They thus employ only a limited number of formal items and patterns [and] are known as restricted languages’ ( M. A. K. Halliday et al., The Linguistic Sciences and Language Teaching, 1964).
What does restricted speech code mean?
That is the code of informal spoken English that often features colloquialisms and idiomatic turns of phrase as well as non-standard grammar and simplistic sentence structure.
What was Basil Bernstein’s theory of language code?
According to Bernstein (1971), a working class person communicates in restricted code as a result of the conditions in which they were raised and the socialization process. The same is true for the middle class person with the exception that they were exposed to the elaborated code as well.
What did Basil Bernstein say about social class?
Bernstein suggests a correlation between social class and the use of either elaborated or restricted code. He argues that in the working class you are likely to find the use of the restricted code, whereas in the middle class you find the use of both the restricted and elaborated codes.
How does Bernstein’s theory relate to everyday speech?
Littlejohn (2002) suggests that Bernstein’s theory shows how the language people use in everyday conversation both reflects and shapes the assumptions of a certain social group. Furthermore, relationships established within the social group affect the way that group uses language, and the type of speech that is used.
What did Basil Bernstein contribute to the study of communication?
Basil Bernstein makes a significant contribution to the study of Communication with his sociolinguistic theory of language codes.