What is esterification of glycerol?
The esterification reaction between glycerol and fatty acids can be an economic process. The catalytic esterification of glycerol with large molecular size of oleic acid (OA) can produce numerous high commercial value of glycerol mono-, di-, and tri-oleate (GMO, GDO, and GTO).
What is fatty acid esterification?
Fatty acid esters (FAEs) are a type of ester that result from the combination of a fatty acid with an alcohol. Biodiesels are typically fatty acid esters made by the transesterification of vegetable fats and oils. In this process the glycerol component is replaced with a different alcohol.
Does oleic acid have glycerol?
Oleic acid, CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7CO2H, like other fatty acids, does not occur in the free state but is normally found as an ester of glycerol—i.e., as a glyceride or as an ester of a long-chain alcohol. The structure of oleic acid may be deduced from the following reactions.
What is the reactant required in the process of esterification of palm oil?
The esterification reaction does with the reactants is glycerol with purity of 97.6%, palm oil oleic acid with the molar ratio is 1:1, Methyl Ester Sulfonate Acid (MESA) catalyst 0.5%, and stirring speed 400 rpm. The temperature range of 180°C to 240°C and the processing time between 120 to 180 minutes.
What does esterification mean?
Esterification is a chemical reaction that forms at least one ester (= a type of compound produced by reaction between acids and alcohols). Esters are produced when acids are heated with alcohols in a process called esterification. An ester can be made by an esterification reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.
What happens in an esterification reaction?
Esterification occurs when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol. This reaction can only occur in the presence of an acid catalyst and heat. This reaction lost an -OH from the carboxylic acid and a hydrogen from the alcohol. These two also combine to form water.
What is esterification used for?
Esterification process is very widely used in many industrial applications such as pharmaceuticals, solvents of paints, adhesives, bioplastics, flavours and cosmetics, pesticides and emulsifiers, perfumery, food, and producing a biodiesel from lower quality feedstock.
What is the purpose of esterification of fatty acids?
The fatty acid esters constitute a group of useful chemical intermediates in the synthesis of several products such as amides, sulfonates and fatty alcohols. These compounds can be applied as solvents, spreading or softening agents in polymers. They are also used in the textile, cosmetic and rubber industries [1].
Why is h2so4 a catalyst?
Without this enhanced electrophilicity, the activation energy for nucleophilic attack would be much higher, and the rate of reaction would be much slower. Hence, the sulfuric acid is acting as a catalyst for the reaction: it provides an alternate pathway that has a lower activation energy.
What occurs esterification?
Esterification occurs when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol. This reaction lost an -OH from the carboxylic acid and a hydrogen from the alcohol. These two also combine to form water. So any esterification reaction will also form water as a side product.
What happens when glycerol is esterified with oleic acid?
The catalytic esterification of glycerol with large molecular size of oleic acid (OA) can produce numerous high commercial value of glycerol mono-, di-, and tri-oleate (GMO, GDO, and GTO).
What does the esterification of palm oil do?
The esterification reaction does with the reactants is glycerol with purity of 97.6%, palm oil oleic acid with the molar ratio is 1:1, Methyl Ester Sulfonate Acid (MESA) catalyst 0.5%, and stirring speed 400 rpm. The temperature range of 180°C to 240°C and the processing time between 120 to 180 minutes.
What can glycerol mono di-oleates be used for?
Glycerol mono, di-oleates (GMO, GDO) are lipids with amphiphilic, non-ionic and excellent emulsifying properties that widely applied in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries, and aqueous fiber finishing ( Thengumpillil et al., 2002; Macierzanka and Szelag, 2004 ).
What’s the best temperature for the esterification reaction?
The temperature range of 180°C to 240°C and the processing time between 120 to 180 minutes. The results showed that the best conditions of the esterification reaction at the temperature 240°C and time process are 180 minute.