What is craniocervical junction disorder?
Craniocervical junction disorders are abnormalities of the bones that join the head and neck. (Cranio- means skull, and cervical means neck.) These disorders may be present at birth or result from injuries or disorders that occur later.
What is the Craniovertebral Junction?
The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) comprises the occiput, atlas, and axis and is visible in most magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies of the brain. Except for fusion anomalies, abnormalities of the axis are primarily confined to the odontoid process and are not associated with basilar invagination.
What is OS Odontoideum?
Os odontoideum is a rare condition of the cervical spine. It occurs when a separation occurs at the top of the spine. The tip of the second cervical vertebra is called the odontoid. In os odontoideum, the tip of the odontoid becomes separated from the remainder of the vertebra, which can lead to spinal instability.
Is craniocervical instability progressive?
Cervical instability is a progressive disorder causing a normal lordotic curve to end up as an “S” or “Snake” curve with crippling degeneration. The cervical instability from ligament injury causes the cervical spine curve to change, from a normal “C” curve to the opposite, a reversal of the curve.
Is OS Odontoideum congenital?
Os odontoideum (OO) is a congenital anomaly of the second cervical vertebra (axis), defined as a smooth, independent ossicle of variable size and shape separated from the base of a shortened odontoid process by an obvious gap, with no osseous connection to the body of C2 [1].
Is a Jefferson fracture serious?
Though a serious injury, the long-term consequences of a Jefferson’s fracture are uncertain and may not impact longevity or abilities, even if untreated. Conservative treatment with an immobilization device can produce excellent long-term recovery.
How is Jefferson fracture diagnosed?
You can distinguish a Jefferson fracture from another cervical (neck) injury by noting where you have symptoms:
- There may be pain and stiffness, usually isolated to the area around the fractured vertebra.
- You may have trouble walking and even breathing if there’s been spinal cord damage.
Can neck problems cause depression?
Living with chronic back or neck pain can lead to depression, feelings of stress, anxiety, sadness, and other mental health-related symptoms. Your spine specialist or pain medicine doctor may refer you to a psychologist and/or a psychiatrist.
When does a persistent Ossiculum terminale fuse?
Persistent ossiculum terminale. The ossiculum terminale appears as a secondary ossification centre of the dens between 3-6 years and normally fuses by 12 years. Failure of fusion results in a persistent ossiculum terminale (also called Bergmann’s ossicle or ossiculum terminale of Bergmann) and is considered a normal anatomical variant…
Where is the ossiculum Terminale of Bergmann located?
Failure of fusion results in a persistent ossiculum terminale (also called Bergmann’s ossicle or ossiculum terminale of Bergmann) and is considered a normal anatomical variant of the axis. It lies above the alar ligament and is therefore considered to be stable and it very rarely causes symptoms.
Which is larger the Ossiculum terminale or the odontoideum?
There is a large dystopic ossiculum terminale . Although debatable, the nearly normal size of the odontoid process favors classification as an ossiculum terminale rather than os odontoideum. TERMINOLOGY
What is the DSM 5 definition of persistent depressive disorder?
Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia) DSM-5 300.4 (F34.1) Introduction Persistent depressive disorder (PDD), also known as dysthymia, is a chronic depression that is present for most days over a period of two years.