What did Van Ijzendoorn find about differences in attachment styles within cultures?
Van Ijzendoorn and Kroonenberg report that differences in attachment within a culture are far greater than those found between cultures. They conclude that it is wrong to think of everyone in a culture having the same practices. Within a culture there are many sub-cultures, all with their own way of rearing children.
What type of attachment does Olivia have to her mother?
insecure/resistant. In the Strange Situation, baby Olivia clings to her mother, plays little with the toys in the room, and is extremely distressed when her mother leaves the room.
Why is Ainsworth’s Strange Situation ethnocentric?
Mary Ainsworth’s Strange Situation Research can be seen to be ethnocentric due to the fact that the research procedure was developed in the United States and is based on the US views of what is seen as ‘important’ in caregiver-infant attachment (is based purely on US values).
What is the assessment of Adult Attachment measures?
Assessment of adult attachment Narrative measures Narrative approaches have emerged from the developmental and psychoanalytic traditions within psychology and are broadly considered to be tapping into unconscious states of mind with regard to attachment (Hesse, 2008; Bifulco, 2002; Shaver & Mikulincer, 2002).
What do you need to know about attachment theory?
Background and literature review Self and Object representations Attachment theory accounts for the ways in which early child-parent interactions become abstracted into inner representations; in other words, it maintains that everything that is intrapsychic was once interpersonal (Maroda, 2010).
How is attachment related to interpersonal processes in therapy?
In considering interpersonal processes, Mallinckrodt (2000) suggests that people’s attachment style and thus their relatedness dispositions may be interacting with that of others in ways that maintain existing relationship patterns, posing thus interesting implications for the transference-countertransference dynamic in therapy.
What did Elizabeth Ainsworth contribute to attachment theory?
Her creation of the Strange Situation ( Ainsworth, Blehar, Waters, & Wall, 1978) provided a gold standard for identifying and classifying individual differences in infant attachment security (and insecurity) and ushered in decades of research examining the precursors and outcomes of individual differences in infant attachment.