How is the remote sensing used in monitoring forest cover?
Remote sensing coupled with GIS (Geographical Information System) as a potential tool, for monitoring the changes in land cover at regional as well as global scale in developing countries, mainly by identifying the conservation priorities in global hotspots, rate of deforestation and quantification of overall forest …
What is forest mapping?
Forest mapping is an important source of information for the assessment of woodland resources and a key issue for any National Forest Inventory (NFI). Three different approaches for extracting woodland areas (i.e., patches of trees and shrubs) are presented, all of which involve a high degree of automation.
How the forest degradation can be mapped with remote sensing?
Currently available remote sensing methods for forest degradation monitoring can be coarsely grouped into four categories: (1) detection of direct degradation indicators (e.g. canopy cover percentage) on single date or composite image (e.g. Souza et al., 2003); (2) detection of direct degradation indicators by time …
What are the applications in remote sensing?
The applications of remote sensing include land-use mapping, weather forecasting, environmental study, natural hazards study, and resource exploration.
What are the importance of remote sensing in forestry?
Studies that employed remote sensing have improved understanding of the sites studied. At the strategic level of forest planning, or in general planning for forest resource allocation over a wide area, remote sensing can play an important role in estimating and monitoring forest cover.
How is forest mapping done?
The forest cover mapping involves a series of steps as shown in the Picture blow. Periodic ground data collected by field parties and the other ground truth information form the basis for the training data generation and accuracy assessment of the interpreted image data. …
What is use of forest map?
These maps are used by various State Forest Departments for updating stock maps, working plan preparations, management of forest resources and land use planning. These are also indented by Railways, Engineering, Educational, Mining and other establishments for their general planning and programme execution.
How is deforestation monitored?
Satellite land monitoring systems For example, spatial data on deforestation and afforestation/reforestation is typically collected through satellite data and changes can be monitored through a satellite land monitoring system.
Which band is most suitable for forest information extraction?
The use of the higher frequencies (Ka and X-band) has been successful in distinguishing different forest types, whereas L-band has been found to be the most significant frequency channel for estimating tree woody volume and basal area.
How is active remote sensing different from passive remote sensing?
Remote sensing systems which measure energy that is naturally available are called passive sensors. Passive sensors can only be used to detect energy when the naturally occurring energy is available. Active sensors, on the other hand, provide their own energy source for illumination.
How does geographic information systems work?
A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer system for capturing, storing, checking, and displaying data related to positions on Earth’s surface. GIS can use any information that includes location. The location can be expressed in many different ways, such as latitude and longitude, address, or ZIP code.
How is 3D sensing used in forest monitoring?
In this thesis, forest mapping and monitoring applications using active 3D RS were developed. Spatially accurate 3D RS enables the mapping of harvesting sites, the monitoring of changes in the canopy structure and even the making of a fully RS-based forest inventory.
When did remote sensing start in the forest?
Particularly, the use of such data from active sensors, like airborne LiDAR, has confirmed its interest in forest studies from its early development in the 1970’s and 1980’s, to the establishment of robust and cost-efficient systems from the 1990’s onwards, due to the improvement of global positioning and inertial units (GNSS/IMU).
What is the purpose of forest mapping and monitoring?
The main aim in forest mapping and monitoring is to produce accurate information for forest managers with the use of efficient methodologies. For example, it is important to locate harvesting sites and stands where forest operations should be carried out as well as to provide updates regarding forest growth, among other changes in forest structure.
How is remote sensing used in the real world?
Remotely sensed imagery provides a view of the Earth’s surface in such a way that allows features on it to be identified, located, and characterized. Moreover, although each image provides a snapshot of the environment, it is commonly possible to acquire imagery repeatedly in time.