What is a retraction pocket of tympanic membrane?
A retraction pocket is an invagination of part of the tympanic membrane (TM) into the middle ear cavity as a result of chronic otitis media [1].
What is pars tensa cholesteatoma?
“Pars tensa (sinus) cholesteatomas” develop most often through a defect of the lower two-thirds portion of the TM (pars tensa) (Fig 5) and most often are localized in the facial recess and sinus tympani of the tympanic cavity (Fig 6) and in the mastoid region.
What is tympanic retraction?
A tympanic membrane retraction, or retracted eardrum, is a condition where the tympanic membrane, or eardrum, gets pulled toward the middle of your ear. The tympanic membrane is a thin layer of tissue found between your inner and outer ear.
What does Pars Tensa mean?
The pars tensa (plural: partes tensae) is the tense portion of the tympanic membrane and refers to the main portion of the membrane. It extends from the anterior and posterior malleolar folds at the level of the lateral process of malleus to the inferior extent of the tympanic membrane at its attachment.
Is a retracted eardrum serious?
Minor ear retractions often don’t cause symptoms and resolve on their own within a few months. However, more serious retractions lead to ear pain and hearing loss. In these cases, your doctor may prescribe a decongestant or recommend surgery.
What is pars tensa pars flaccida?
The pars tensa is the portion of the tympanic membrane that is the largest. It is the portion of the eardrum responsible for translating sound waves into mechanical movement. The pars flaccida, as the name suggests, is less “taut” and also thicker. It drapes across the superior portion of the malleus.
What causes retracted tympanic membrane?
What causes it? Retracted eardrums are caused by a problem with your Eustachian tubes. These tubes drain fluid to help maintain even pressure inside and outside of your ears. When your Eustachian tubes aren’t working correctly, decreased pressure inside your ear can cause your eardrum to collapse inward.
What is the function of pars flaccida?
Retraction of the elastic pars flaccida (PF) is the first reaction to a middle ear (ME) negative pressure in adults. Such retraction reduces middle ear volume, thereby elevating the ambiant pressure. PF retraction acts therefore as a buffering mechanism which counteracts ME negative pressure.
Will a retracted eardrum fix itself?
Can a cholesteatoma be an invasive retraction?
The aetiology of an attic epidermoid cyst, i.e., an attic cholesteatoma, is usually considered to be an invasive retraction from the external ear. However, it is difficult to accept invasion of external canal skin into the upper medial attic.
Are there retraction pockets in the middle ear?
On the other hand, retraction pockets of the pars tensa or pars flaccida associated with some middle ear negative pressure do occur, however, it is yet to be shown that such retractions can reach the medial part of the ossicular chain and form epidermoid-like cysts there.
Is there such a thing as an attic cholesteatoma?
Marginal perforations, which have later evolved into attic cholesteatomas have so far not been documented.
How is proper diagnosis and management of cholesteatoma achieved?
Proper diagnosis and management of each form of cholesteatoma is achieved by a thorough understanding of the etiology, classification, clinical presentation and histology, thereby facilitating prevention, early detection and appropriate treatment. Keywords: Cholesteatoma, Middle ear cholesteatoma, Congenital cholesteatoma, Acquired cholesteatoma