What fungi do azoles affect?
Undoubtedly, azoles have divergent effects depending on the fungal species. They exert generally a fungistatic activity against yeasts, e.g., Candida spp., while being fungicidal for certain medically important molds, e.g., Aspergillus spp3,12.
What are azole antifungal drugs?
Azole antifungals are used to treat thrush, yeast infection, candidiasis, tinea versicolor, athlete’s foot, jock itch, ringworm, nail fungus, fungal infections, and seborrheic dermatitis. They work by slowing down and preventing the growth of fungus.
What are azoles?
Azoles are a class of five-membered heterocyclic compounds containing a nitrogen atom and at least one other non-carbon atom (i.e. nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen) as part of the ring. Their names originate from the Hantzsch–Widman nomenclature.
Why do we use azoles to treat fungal infections?
Azole antifungal agents prevent the synthesis of ergosterol, a major component of fungal plasma membranes, by inhibiting the cytochrome P-450-dependent enzyme lanosterol demethylase (also referred to as 14α-sterol demethylase or P-450DM) (94, 95, 136, 269).
What is the mechanism of action of azoles?
The generally accepted mode of action of azoles is the inhibition of 14α-lanosterol demethylase, a key enzyme in ergosterol biosynthesis, resulting in depletion of ergosterol and accumulation of toxic 14α-methylated sterols in membranes of susceptible yeast species.
What do azoles target?
Azole antifungals are relatively inexpensive, share similar chemical structures, and are effective against most fungal species. Azoles target a crucial enzyme in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway whose inhibition leads to reduced fungal growth.
What is oral azole?
Summary. The oral azole drugs — ketoconazole, fluconazole, and itraconazole — represent a major advance in systemic antifungal therapy. Among the three, fluconazole has the most attractive pharmacologic profile, including the capacity to produce high concentrations of active drug in cerebrospinal fluid and urine.
Which is the best azole?
List of Azole antifungals:
| Drug Name | Avg. Rating | Reviews |
|---|---|---|
| Diflucan (Pro) Generic name: fluconazole | 6.3 | 138 reviews |
| Sporanox (Pro) Generic name: itraconazole | 8.3 | 18 reviews |
| Mycelex Troche Generic name: clotrimazole | 4.7 | 7 reviews |
| Nizoral (Pro) Generic name: ketoconazole | 6.4 | 4 reviews |
What is the function of azoles?
Azoles are synthetic antifungals with broad-spectrum fungistatic activity against yeasts and fungi, including candidal species. By blocking fungal cytochrome P450-dependent enzymes, azoles disrupt the synthesis of ergosterol, which is the principal sterol in fungal cell membranes.
What are azoles made from?
Azoles are nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen-containing compounds with a five-membered ring system that comprises thiadiazole, oxadiazole, triazole, imidazole, isoxazole, pyrazole, and other rings.
What is the indication of azole antifungal agents?
Azole antifungal agents can be used to treat fungal infections of the body and skin, including athlete’s foot, onychomycosis (fungal nail infections), ringworm, and vaginal candidiasis.