What does MMP-9 do?
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, one of the most widely investigated MMPs, regulates pathological remodeling processes that involve inflammation and fibrosis in cardiovascular disease. MMP-9 directly degrades extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and activates cytokines and chemokines to regulate tissue remodeling.
What is a normal MMP-9 level?
The levels of MMP-9 in the sera of patients with cancer ranged from 39 to 1547 ng/ml (mean, 417 ng/ml). In contrast, the MMP-9 serum levels in 47 healthy individuals ranged from 30 to 537 ng/ml (mean, 189 ng/ml), MMP-9 serum concentration being significantly higher in HNSCC patients (p = 0.001).
What is a high MMP-9?
Elevated expression of MMP-9, along with MMP-2 is usually seen in invasive and highly tumorigenic cancers such as colorectal tumors, gastric carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, breast cancer, oral cancer, melanoma, malignant gliomas, chondrosarcoma, gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma.
Is MMP-9 a cytokine?
The effect of cytokines on MMP-9 production in human macrophages was verified by previous incubation of cytokines on these cells in culture, and analyzed by zymography. cruzi Y or Colombian strains produced increased levels of MMP-9, which was related to the production of cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6.
What causes high MMP-9?
The increased MMP-9 concentrations may be attributable to overproduction by dermal fibroblasts in SSc. These findings suggest that the enhanced production of MMP-9 may contribute to fibrogenic remodeling during the progression of skin sclerosis in SSc.
How is MMP9 involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix?
MMP9 matrix metallopeptidase 9 [ (human)] Summary. Proteins of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and metastasis.
How is MMP9 expression related to cervical cancer?
High MMP9 expression is associated with cervical cancer. We conclude that S1P attenuates the invasion of C643 cells by activating S1P2 and the Rho-ROCK pathway, by decreasing calpain activity, and by decreasing the expression, secretion and activity of MMP2 and, to a lesser extent, MMP9.
How are MMP9 polymorphisms related to breast cancer?
In tumor tissue from breast cancer patients, MMP9 expression is negatively correlated with NAT1 expression. results of the meta-analysis demonstrate that MMP-9 rs3918242 polymorphism is unlikely to be associated with schizophrenia. MMP-9 rs3918242 polymorphisms may contribute to pathological process of coronary heart disease
What is the function of MMP-9 in the enteric neurons?
MMP-9 Processing of Intestinal Smooth Muscle-derived GDNF is Required for Neurotrophic Action on Enteric Neurons. Experimental Study on the Correlation between miRNA-373 and HIF-1alpha, MMP-9, and VEGF in the Development of HIE.