What are examples of sodium solute symport transporters?
Proteins belonging to the SSS family can be found in the Transporter Classification Database.
- Sodium/pantothenate symporter InterPro: IPR011849.
- Sodium/proline symporter InterPro: IPR011851.
- Cation/acetate symporter ActP InterPro: IPR014083.
Is sodium a symporter?
A neurotransmitter sodium symporter (NSS) (TC# 2. 22) is type of neurotransmitter transporter that catalyzes the uptake of a variety of neurotransmitters, amino acids, osmolytes and related nitrogenous substances by a solute:Na+ symport mechanism. …
What is the function of Antiporters?
An antiporter (also called exchanger or counter-transporter) is a cotransporter and integral membrane protein involved in secondary active transport of two or more different molecules or ions across a phospholipid membrane such as the plasma membrane in opposite directions, one into the cell and one out of the cell.
Is sodium a neurotransmitter?
Researchers have found that sodium – the main chemical component in table salt – is a unique “on/off” switch for a major neurotransmitter receptor in the brain. Balancing kainate receptor activity is the key to maintaining normal brain function.
What does a Symporter do?
Symporters are proteins that simultaneously transport two molecules across a membrane in the same direction. The most widely held model for this process has the molecules binding to the transport protein that is exposed on the external surface of the membrane.
What does a symporter do?
What is symporter and antiporter?
A symporter carries two different molecules or ions, both in the same direction. An antiporter also carries two different molecules or ions, but in different directions.
What does sodium do in the brain?
Electrolytes conduct nerve signals and regulate fluid balance in the brain. Sodium is critical for brain health. Hyponatremia (low serum sodium) symptoms include headaches, fatigue, lethargy, and seizures. When sodium is rapidly depleted from overwatering, it can cause brain swelling.
What is symporter direction?
A symporter is an integral membrane protein that is involved in the transport of two different molecules across the cell membrane in the same direction. The transporter is called a symporter, because the molecules will travel in the same direction in relation to each other.
How does sodium affect neuro status?
When sodium levels in the blood are too low, extra water goes into body cells causing them to swell. This swelling can be especially dangerous for brain cells, resulting in neurological symptoms such as headache, confusion, irritability, seizures or even coma.
Which is a member of the sodium solute Symporter Family?
Members of the Solute:Sodium Symporter (SSS) Family ( TC# 2.A.21) catalyze solute:Na + symport. The SSS family is within the APC Superfamily. The solutes transported may be sugars, amino acids, organo cations such as choline, nucleosides, inositols, vitamins, urea or anions, depending on the system.
What kind of solutes are transported by the SSS symporter?
The solutes transported may be sugars, amino acids, organo cations such as choline, nucleosides, inositols, vitamins, urea or anions, depending on the system. Members of the SSS family have been identified in bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes.
How is sodium used in the sodium symporter?
Sodium/substrate symport (or co-transport) is a widespread mechanism of solute transport across cytoplasmic membranes of pro- and eukaryotic cells. The energy stored in an inwardly directed electrochemical sodium gradient (sodium motive force, SMF) which is used to drive solute accumulation against a concentration gradient.
What are the members of the SSS family?
The SSS family is within the APC Superfamily. The solutes transported may be sugars, amino acids, organo cations such as choline, nucleosides, inositols, vitamins, urea or anions, depending on the system. Members of the SSS family have been identified in bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes.