What are allergic reactions to allopurinol?
Allopurinol can cause a severe allergic reaction. Symptoms can include: itchy hives (raised bumps on your skin) red or purple-colored spots on your skin.
What is allopurinol dress syndrome?
Allopurinol-induced DRESS syndrome is characterized by hematologic abnormalities, especially eosinophilia and atypical lymphocytosis, skin rash, fever, lymph node enlargement, and single or multiple organ involvement, which starts within 8 weeks after the start of treatment with the offending drug.
Why can’t Chinese take allopurinol?
Stern noted that genetic epidemiology can play a strong roll in allopurinol hypersensitivity, as the HLA-B*5801 haplotype, which is prevalent in Han Chinese individuals, is a major risk factor.
What ethnicity is most at risk of allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome?
medwireNews: People of Black, Asian, or Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander ethnicity have a substantially higher risk for allopurinol-associated severe cutaneous adverse reactions (AASCARs) than White and Hispanic individuals, US researchers report.
How is allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome treated?
Treatment is with IV N-acetylcysteine and steroids. Severe allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome is more likely to occur in patients with renal insufficiency, those who are taking a thiazide diuretic, and those started on allopurinol at a dosage of 300 mg/day.
How well is allopurinol tolerated?
Poor adherence is a major factor limiting successful therapy with allopurinol; however, its use can be improved considerably by education of patients and clinicians. Allopurinol is generally well tolerated and screening for genetic factors predictive of allopurinol hypersensitivity reactions can now be undertaken.
What is allopurinol 100mg tablets?
Allopurinol is indicated for reducing urate/uric acid formation in conditions where urate/uric acid deposition has already occurred (e.g. gouty arthritis, skin tophi, nephrolithiasis) or is a predictable clinical risk (e.g. treatment of malignancy potentially leading to acute uric acid nephropathy).
What is allopurinol 100mg tablets used for?
About allopurinol Allopurinol is used to treat gout and kidney stones. It may also be prescribed if you’re having some types of cancer treatment. Some treatments can cause a build-up of uric acid. Allopurinol comes as 100mg and 300mg tablets and is only available on prescription.
What are the hallmarks of allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome?
Over 60% of patients had received allopurinol for asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Hallmarks of this hypersensitivity syndrome include a prolonged illness initially manifested by fever, a prominent cutaneous reaction, eosinophilia, hepatic abnormalities, and acute renal failure. Other involvement such as gastrointestinal bleeding is common.
Are there any serious adverse reactions to allopurinol?
A variety of different terms have been used interchangeably for the serious cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR) associated with allopurinol, including AHS and allopurinol-induced SCAR.
What is the allopurinol HLA-B * 58 : 01 blood test?
The allopurinol hypersensitivity assay, or HLA-B*58:01 test, is a blood test to detect the presence of a human leukocyte antigen B (HLA-B) genetic variant that increases the risk of life-threatening, severe cutaneous adverse reactions in patients taking allopurinol.
When do you need to test for allopurinol?
Testing is not necessary in patients who have tolerated allopurinol for longer than three months. 3