Is Duffy blood group rare?
This phenotype is exceedingly rare in Whites. Because the Duffy antigen is uncommon in those of Black African descent, the presence of this antigen has been used to detect genetic admixture.
What is the DARC gene?
The Duffy antigen, coded by the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) gene, serves as a receptor for Plasmodium vivax in humans and for Plasmodium knowlesi in some nonhuman primates.
Who discovered Duffy antigen?
The Duffy BGS has five main antigens recognised by the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT): Fya was described in 1950 by Cutbush et al, Fyb in 1951 by Ikin et al, and Fy3 in 1971 by Albrey et al. Two further antigens (Fy5 and Fy6) exist within the system, but are rarely chanced upon.
What does the DARC gene encode?
The DARC (Duffy blood group, chemokine receptor) gene encodes for a trans-membranous glycoprotein expressing the Duffy blood group antigens (Fy) that functions as a chemokine transporter and as a receptor for the malaria parasites Plasmodium vivax and knowlesi.
What is Duffy blood type?
Duffy blood group system, classification of human blood based on the presence of glycoproteins known as Fy antigens on the surface of red blood cells, endothelial cells (cells lining the inner surface of blood vessels), and epithelial cells in the alveoli of the lungs and in the collecting tubules of the kidneys.
What does Duffy positive mean?
The racial variation in the distribution of Duffy antigens is a result of a positive selection pressure—the absence of Duffy antigens on RBCs makes the RBCs more resistant to invasion by a malarial parasite.
Are Duffy antibodies naturally occurring?
Duffy antibodies They often result from previous exposure such as after transfusion or pregnancy. They are not usually naturally occurring. The Duffy antibodies are predominantly of the IgG subclass whereas the IgM form is rare.
Is there a blood type P?
The P blood group, which was discovered in 1927, consists of alleles designated P, P1, and Pk. The P and P1 antigens are produced by a gene known as B3GALNT1 (beta-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1), whereas the Pk antigen is produced by a gene called A4GALT (alpha 1,4-galactosyltransferase).
What happens if you have a mutation in GATA2?
Mutations in the GATA2 gene result in impaired GATA2 protein function leading to GATA2 deficiency. Inheritance is autosomal dominant. [1] Treatment depends on the symptoms and may include vaccination, antibiotics, and bone marrow transplant.
How is GATA-6 related to the GC-box motif?
Chromatin immuno-precipitation assay showed that GATA-6 binds to this conserved GATA motif. These results suggest that the distal GATA motif recognized by GATA-6 together with the GC- and E-boxes may be important for transcriptional activation of the GATA-4 gene in the chromosome.
Is the GATA box essential for inducible gene expression?
Thus, GATA box–based repression is essential for inducible and cell type–specific Epo gene expression. A bacterial artifical chromosome (BAC) clone (Epo-60K/BAC, RP27826) containing the Epo gene and flanking regions was obtained from a C57black/6 mouse genomic library (Incyte Genomics, San Diego, CA).
What does the GATA2 gene do for blood stem cells?
The GATA2 gene produces a protein called a transcription factor. Transcription factors regulate when other genes are turned on. The GATA2 transcription factor helps regu – late blood cell differentiation, the process by which blood stem cells give rise to special- ized types of blood cells.