How do you represent a motion on a graph?
Motion can be represented by a position-time graph, which plots position relative to the starting point on the y-axis and time on the x-axis. The slope of a position-time graph represents velocity. The steeper the slope is, the faster the motion is changing.
How do you explain a planetary motion?
Three laws devised by Johannes Kepler to define the mechanics of planetary motion. The first law states that planets move in an elliptical orbit, with the Sun being one focus of the ellipse. This law identifies that the distance between the Sun and Earth is constantly changing as the Earth goes around its orbit.
How do you describe motion on a position-time graph?
In a position-time graph, the velocity of the moving object is represented by the slope, or steepness, of the graph line. The position of the object is not changing. The steeper the line is, the greater the slope of the line is and the faster the object’s motion is changing.
What are three planetary motions?
There are actually three, Kepler’s laws that is, of planetary motion: 1) every planet’s orbit is an ellipse with the Sun at a focus; 2) a line joining the Sun and a planet sweeps out equal areas in equal times; and 3) the square of a planet’s orbital period is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its …
How do you represent motion?
You can describe the motion of an object by its position, speed, direction, and acceleration. An object is moving if its position relative to a fixed point is changing. Even things that appear to be at rest move.
How do you represent constant motion?
Motion with constant velocity We can represent this motion in various ways. v = ∆x/∆t, xf – xi = v*(tf – ti). If we choose our coordinate system so the cart is at position x = 0 at time t = 0, then x(t) = v*t.
What is uniform about planetary motion?
If a planet has just the right speed (for a given radius of orbit), then it will travel in circular motion with a constant speed. This is called uniform circular motion. Note that the velocity vector changes direction, although the speed is constant. This means that there must be a net force on the planet.
What are the laws of planetary motion and describe each?
Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion They describe how (1) planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun as a focus, (2) a planet covers the same area of space in the same amount of time no matter where it is in its orbit, and (3) a planet’s orbital period is proportional to the size of its orbit (its semi-major axis).
What three characteristics of an object are represented by a motion map?
A motion map can represent the position, velocity, and acceleration of an object at various clock readings.
What is the Describing motion?
Motion is a continuous change in the position of an object with respect to a stationary object. It is described in terms of displacement, distance, velocity, acceleration, time and speed. Motion: A body is said to be in motion when it changes its position with reference to a fixed reference point called the origin.
What is the third law of planetary motion?
Kepler’s Third Law: the squares of the orbital periods of the planets are directly proportional to the cubes of the semi major axes of their orbits. Kepler’s Third Law implies that the period for a planet to orbit the Sun increases rapidly with the radius of its orbit.
Why are planetary orbits elliptical?
The orbit of an object around its ‘parent’ is a balance between the force of gravity and the object’s desire to move in a straight line. Hence, the object’s distance from its parent oscillates, resulting in an elliptical orbit.
How are the Three Laws of planetary motion described?
Kepler’s three laws of planetary motion can be described as follows: The path of the planets about the sun is elliptical in shape, with the center of the sun being located at one focus.
How is Kepler’s law of harmonies used in physics?
Suppose a small planet is discovered that is 14 times as far from the sun as the Earth’s distance is from the sun (1.5 x 10 11 m). Use Kepler’s law of harmonies to predict the orbital period of such a planet. GIVEN: T 2 /R 3 = 2.97 x 10 -19 s 2 /m 3
How is the orbital period given in Kepler’s third law?
The orbital period is given in units of earth-years where 1 earth year is the time required for the earth to orbit the sun – 3.156 x 10 7 seconds. ) Kepler’s third law provides an accurate description of the period and distance for a planet’s orbits about the sun.
How is the orbital motion of a satellite calculated?
Kepler’s Equation Suppose the elements a, eand M(0) at time t=0are given, and we need to find the value of φ at some different time t. With fknown, the above equation gives r, and (r ,φ) together pin-point the satellite’s position in its orbital plane. The first step is to derive M = M(0) + 360°(t/T)