Can hyperlipidemia cause hyponatremia?
Plasma osmolality, as measured by an osmometer, also is normal. Thus hyponatremia associated with hyperlipidemia or hyperproteinemia can be considered artifactual, and is called pseudohyponatremia4).
How does hypertriglyceridemia cause hyponatremia?
One known cause of pseudohyponatremia is extreme elevations in triglycerides in the blood. When lipids replace the water within the serum, a low sodium number will be recorded but will not be accurate. We describe a case of pseudohyponatremia in the setting of severe hypertriglyceridemia.
Can thrombocytosis cause hyponatremia?
Hyponatremia (serum sodium levels ≤ 134 mmol/l) was found in 33 (6.7%) patients and thrombocytosis (thrombocytes ≥ 450/µl) in 88 (17.7%) patients. Serum sodium levels were associated with the presence or absence of residual tumor tissue after primary surgery.
Can multiple myeloma cause low sodium levels?
The M proteins of multiple myeloma are positively charged. As a result they cause a decrease in sodium levels and the anion gap and thus a true hyponatremia.
How do you fix hypovolemic hyponatremia?
Hypovolemic hyponatremia: Administer isotonic saline to patients who are hypovolemic to replace the contracted intravascular volume (thereby treating the cause of vasopressin release). Patients with hypovolemia secondary to diuretics may also need potassium repletion, which, like sodium, is osmotically active.
Why is there hyponatremia in diabetic ketoacidosis?
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) causes a hyperosmolar state driven by the osmotic force of hyperglycemia in the intravascular space. Dilutional hyponatremia is common due to water driven into the intravascular space from inside cells.
How do you correct sodium for hypertriglyceridemia?
In classic hyperlipidemia (hypertriglyceridemia)-induced hyponatremia, several equations have been published to correct errors in serum potassium, chloride, and sodium measurements. One such equation is as follows: Corrected Na+ = Measured Na+ + [{[0.21 × triglycerides (g/l)] − 0.6} × (Na+/100)].
How does hypothyroidism cause hyponatremia?
The main mechanism for the development of hyponatremia in patients with chronic hypothyroidism is the decreased capacity of free water excretion due to elevated antidiuretic hormone levels, which are mainly attributed to the hypothyroidism-induced decrease in cardiac output.
How does adrenal insufficiency cause hyponatremia?
Hyponatremia is often seen in patients with adrenal insufficiency, which is caused by an inappropriate increase in vasopressin secretion/action due to cortisol deficiency [4] and inability to excrete free water.
Why is albumin low in multiple myeloma?
Albumin is the most abundant protein in the blood. When myeloma is active, levels of a chemical messenger in the blood called interleukin-6 (IL-6) are elevated. IL-6 blocks production of albumin, so low albumin levels can signal more aggressive myeloma.
Which electrolyte imbalance is caused by multiple myeloma?
Patients with malignancies frequently experience multiple electrolyte disturbances. In multiple myeloma, hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia are one of the most common metabolic disturbances observed as part of pathogenesis of the disease.