Why is cholestyramine contraindicated in hypertriglyceridemia?
Bile acid sequestrants (cholestyramine or colestipol) raise triglyceride levels and are not appropriate therapy for hypertriglyceridemia.
Why do bile acid sequestrants increase triglycerides?
The bile acid sequestrants bind to these acids, reducing their supply. In turn, this stimulates the liver to produce more bile acids, which uses more cholesterol. Unfortunately, the resins can increase triglyceride levels. When the statins are not sufficient to lower high cholesterol, these drugs can be added.
Why does cholestyramine increase triglycerides?
Cholestyramine treatment reduces FGF-19 and induces BA synthesis, whereas plasma triglycerides may increase from unclear reasons. We explored whether FGF-19 may suppress BA synthesis and plasma triglycerides in humans by modulation of FGF-19 levels through long-term cholesty- ramine treatment at increasing doses.
Do bile acid sequestrants lower triglycerides?
As a result, bile acid sequestrants mainly lower LDL cholesterol between 15% to 30% and only slightly raise HDL cholesterol by about 3% to 5%. These drugs do not appear to affect triglyceride levels but, in some cases, bile acid sequestrants may actually raise your triglycerides if taken for a long period of time.
What do bile acid sequestrants do?
Bile acid sequestrants are medicines that help lower your LDL (bad) cholesterol. Too much cholesterol in your blood can stick to the walls of your arteries and narrow or block them. These medicines work by blocking bile acid in your stomach from being absorbed in your blood.
Does cholestyramine help triglycerides?
Cholestyramine has been shown to increase triglyceride levels in studies. If you have high triglycerides, your healthcare provider will monitor your levels to ensure that they do not become too elevated. Having chronic constipation. Cholestyramine may worsen this condition if you suffer from constipation.
What are bile acid sequestrants used for?
What is the most common side effect of bile acid sequestrants?
Adverse Effects Since bile acid sequestrants are not absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, they have limited systemic side effects. Some of the most common adverse effects are gastrointestinal, including constipation, stomach pain, bloating, vomiting, heartburn, loss of appetite, indigestion, and upset stomach.
Does cholestyramine reduce bile?
Cholestyramine is used to lower high cholesterol levels in the blood. This may help prevent medical problems caused by cholesterol clogging the blood vessels. Cholestyramine is also used to remove substances called bile acids from your body.
How bile acid resins increase triglycerides?
Activation of phosphatidic acid phosphatase promotes hepatic triglyceride (TG) synthesis, induces secretion of TG-rich, very low density lipoprotein particles, and consequently, increases plasma TG levels.
When should bile acid sequestrants be taken?
Initiation with low doses, patient education, and use of stool softeners or psyllium can increase compliance. Cholestyramine and colestipol can affect the absorption of a wide variety of drugs. When used with these agents, other drugs should be taken either 1 to 2 hours before or 4 to 6 hours after the BAS.
How are bile acid sequestrants used in myalgia?
Bile acid sequestrants are beneficial therapy in statin-intolerant patients (myalgia and myopathy). They can be used in combination with niacin and the cholesterol absorption inhibitor, ezetimibe, to achieve target goals in patients in both primary and secondary prevention.
When to use bile acid binding resin in normoglyceridemic patients?
In normoglyceridemic patients, plasma concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol are closely linked, and for this reason resin treatment of elevated total cholesterol levels in these patients is rational and warranted.
How does cholestyramine work as a bile acid sequestrant?
Cholestyramine is a bile acid sequestrant, like colestipol and colesevelam. These molecules are positively charged non-digestible resins that bind to bile acids in the intestine to form an insoluble complex, which is excreted in the feces.
Can a resin be used for hypertriglyceridemia?
Hypertriglyceridemic patients may also have elevated total cholesterol concentrations, and several such patients have been treated with resin.