What is the use of Pelton turbine?
Pelton turbines are used for electricity generation in hydraulic power plants. They are suitable for operation when water energy is available at high head and low flow rate. In a Pelton turbine, the energy extracted from the kinetic energy of the water is used for the rotation of the impeller.
Which principle is applicable for Pelton wheel turbine?
Pelton turbine – The basic working principle Working principle of Pelton turbine is simple. When a high speed water jet injected through a nozzle hits buckets of Pelton wheel; it induces an impulsive force. This force makes the turbine rotate. The rotating shaft runs a generator and produces electricity.
What are the characteristics of Pelton wheel what are their uses?
Pelton wheels are the preferred turbine for hydro-power where the available water source has relatively high hydraulic head at low flow rates. Pelton wheels are made in all sizes. There exist multi-ton Pelton wheels mounted on vertical oil pad bearings in hydroelectric plants.
How efficient is a Pelton turbine?
Pelton turbines can reach up to 95% efficiency, and even on ‘micro’ scale systems 90% peak efficiency is achievable. Also the efficiency is maintained at a high level even for part-flow rates, mainly because of the low-loss design of the spear-jet.
Why multiple jets are used in Pelton wheel?
Why use multi Why use multi jets? ➢ Usually Pelton turbine is used at high heads ➢ Usually Pelton turbine is used at high heads. ➢ With a decrease in head more water is needed to achieve the same power.
What is the function of Spear and nozzle in a Pelton turbine?
Working of Pelton Wheel turbine: In order to control the quantity of water striking the runner, the nozzle fitted at the end of penstock is provided with a spear or needle fixed to the end of a rod. In this process, the momentum of the water is transferred to the turbine.
What is Pelton wheel turbine state an example of its application?
Pelton turbine is used in the hydroelectric power plant where the water available at high head i.e. 150 m to 2000 m or even more. In hydroelectric power plant, it is used to drive the generator attached to it and the generator generates the mechanical energy of the turbine into electrical energy.
What are the advantages of Pelton for very high heads?
Advantages of Pelton Wheel: It operates on the high head and low discharge. It has a tangential flow which means that it can have either axial flow or radial flow. Pelton wheel turbine is very easy to assemble. There is no cavitation because water jet strikes only a specific portion of the runner.
What is the use of buckets in Pelton wheel turbine *?
Typically two buckets are mounted side-by-side on the wheel, which permits splitting the water jet into two equal streams . This balances the side-load forces on the wheel and helps to ensure smooth, efficient transfer of momentum of the fluid jet of water to the turbine wheel.
What is the purpose of a draft tube?
The draft tube is a conduit which connects the runner exit to the tail race where the water is being finally discharged from the turbine. The primary function of the draft tube is to reduce the velocity of the discharged water to minimize the loss of kinetic energy at the outlet.
How does a Pelton turbine work?
A nozzle turns hydraulic head into a high velocity (with high velocity head) stream of water which hits the Pelton turbine and makes it spin. Jets of water emerge from these nozzles, tangential to the wheel of the turbine. This causes the turbine to spin as a result of the impact of the water jets on the buckets.
Why Pelton turbine is called impulse turbine?
In contrast to other types of turbines, which are reaction turbines, the Pelton turbine is known as an impulse turbine. This simply means that instead of moving due to a reaction force, water creates an impulse on the turbine to get it in motion.