What is the difference between the afferent arteriole the efferent Arteriole and the peritubular capillaries?
Afferent arterioles branch off which ultimately leads into the glomerulus of Bowman’s capsule. From here, efferent arterioles begin to form the venous system and subdivide into another set of capillaries known as the peritubular capillaries. The purpose of these vessels is to supply capillaries located in the medulla.
What are the two types of renal autoregulation used to maintain GFR?
Autoregulation of Glomerular Filtration Rate and Renal Blood Flow. Autoregulation is necessary to prevent changes in GFR and RBF when blood pressure varies abruptly. Two systems are responsible for renal autoregulation: (1) a myogenic mechanism and (2) a tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism.
What do the efferent and afferent arterioles do?
Afferent arteriole is a branch of the renal artery that brings in blood to the glomerulus. Efferent arteriole is a branch of the renal artery that drains blood away from the glomerulus. Afferent arterioles maintain the blood pressure. Efferent arterioles maintain the glomerular filtration rate.
What happens to GFR when afferent and efferent arterioles constrict?
Constriction of the afferent arterioles has two effects: it increases the vascular resistance which reduces renal blood flow (RBF), and it decreases the pressure downstream from the constriction, which reduces the GFR. The net result of efferent arteriolar constriction is an increased filtration fraction.
What is the advantage of difference in diameter of efferent arteriole and afferent arteriole?
The efferent arteriole carries blood away from the glomerulus. Because it has a smaller diameter than the afferent arteriole, it creates some resistance to blood flow, producing the back-up of blood in the glomerulus which creates higher pressure in the glomerular cavity.
What is the main difference between afferent and efferent renal arterioles?
The main difference between afferent and efferent arterioles is that afferent arterioles carry blood to the glomerulus whereas efferent arterioles take the blood away from the glomerulus. An afferent arteriole is a branch of the renal vein, which carries blood containing nitrogenous wastes.
Is when solutes are reclaimed from the filtrate?
In renal physiology, reabsorption or tubular reabsorption is the process by which the nephron removes water and solutes from the tubular fluid (pre-urine) and returns them to the circulating blood.
What is macula densa?
In the kidney, the macula densa is an area of closely packed specialized cells lining the wall of the distal tubule, at the point where the thick ascending limb of the Loop of Henle meets the distal convoluted tubule. The macula densa is the thickening where the distal tubule touches the glomerulus.
What is the significance of the difference between afferent and efferent arteriole?
Complete answer:
| Efferent arteriole | Afferent arteriole |
|---|---|
| Its blood pressure is lower due to the filtration of small contents and water. | Its blood pressure is higher that leads to ultrafiltration. |
| It helps in maintaining the glomerular filtration rate. | It helps in maintaining the blood pressure. |
What is the benefit of the size difference between the afferent and efferent arteriole?
This is to provide for the increased blood pressure in the glomerulus for ultrafiltration to take place. When the afferent arteriole is larger, more blood would flow into the efferent arteriole, which is of a smaller diameter, resulting in increased blood pressure in the glomerulus.
Why efferent arteriole is narrower than afferent arteriole?