What is Prussak space?
In human anatomy, Prussak’s space is the small middle ear recess, bordered laterally by the flaccid part of Shrapnell’s membrane, superiorly by the scutum (a sharp bony spur that is formed by the superior wall of the external auditory canal) and lateral malleal ligament, inferiorly by the lateral process of the malleus …
Where is Prussak space?
Prussak space is located between the lateral process of the malleus interiorly, pars flaccida of the tympanic membrane laterally, neck of the malleus medially and the lateral mallear ligament superiorly.
What is Epitympanic recess?
The epitympanum, also known as the attic or epitympanic recess, is the most superior portion of the tympanic cavity. It is that portion of the tympanic cavity superior to the axial plane between the tip of the scutum and the tympanic segment of the facial nerve 1,3.
What is Scutum ear?
Description. The term scutum derives from the Latin word for shield: the scutum in the ear is a sharp bony spur formed by the superior wall of the external auditory canal and the lateral wall of the tympanic cavity.
What ligaments attach to the malleus?
The ligaments of malleus are three ligaments that attach the malleus in the middle ear. They are the anterior, lateral and superior ligaments.
What is Epitympanitis?
Epitympanitis is a disease in which surgery is the only treatment tactic. This disease is dangerous for the patient’s life since no drugs and medicines can have an effect. Epitympanitis in most cases is characterized by the presence of cholesteatoma, which, in turn, secretes an enzyme that destroys bone tissue.
What is attic cholesteatoma?
An attic cholesteatoma is defined as an epidermoid cyst found in the attic. This is differentiated from an infected retraction pocket of the pars tensa or a retraction pocket cholesteatoma.
Is otic posterior or anterior?
Inner ear sensory organs, and the neurons that innervate them, are thought to arise from a neural-sensory competent domain (NSD), most of which is located in the anterior region of the otic cup (1). By contrast, posterior otic epithelium forms nonsensory tissues and only one sensory organ, the posterior crista.
Where is the Prussak’s space in the ear?
In human anatomy, Prussak’s space is the small middle ear recess, bordered laterally by the flaccid part of Shrapnell’s membrane, superiorly by the scutum (a sharp bony spur that is formed by the superior wall of the external auditory canal) and lateral malleal ligament, inferiorly by the lateral process of the malleus,
How did the Prussak space get its name?
This space is best demonstrated on the oblique coronal image. Pars flaccida cholesteatoma, acquired or congenital, typically begins in Prussak space before extending and invading the surrounding structures. It is named after Aleksandr Fedorovich Prussak (1839-1897), Russian otologist who described the detailed anatomy of the space in 1867 2-4.
Is there a posterior boundary to the Prussak space?
There is no posterior boundary to Prussak space, and enlarging cholesteatomas most commonly first extend posteriorly. Upon reaching the posterolateral wall of the attic, further expansion of the cholesteatoma is deflected superiorly toward the aditus ad antrum and mastoid antrum.
Why is Prussak’s space important to pars flaccida?
Prussak’s space is important because it is a site for pars flaccida acquired cholesteatoma formation. A cholesteatoma forms when there is a deep retraction pocket in the tympanic membrane. The lining of the tympanic membrane, which is skin, is shed, but if the membrane is retracted it gets trapped.