What does paired pulse ratio tell you?
Kolling Institute of Medical Research. Essentially paired-pulse stimulus measures the short term plasticity characteristics of neurons. It is a characteristic of the probability of release of the presynaptic neuron and the type of receptors present at the postsynaptic neuron.
What does reduced paired pulse ratio mean?
The decrease in paired-pulse ratio with repeated testing at a 15 sec intertrial interval might suggest a change caused by synaptic depression. However, several lines of evidence indicate that the use-dependent decrease in the paired-pulse ratio occurs independently of synaptic depression.
How do you find a paired pulse ratio?
A widely used method of calculating the PPR is to take the mean of the ratios of responses to pairs of stimuli, A2/A1 [i.e., mean(A2/A1)]. If PPR > 1, an increase in the probability of transmitter release is said to have occurred.
What is paired pulse stimulation?
Paired-pulse stimulation is a standard protocol that has been used for decades to characterize dynamic systems: the differences in responses to two sequential identical stimuli as a function of inter-stimulus interval provide quantitative information on the dynamics of the system.
What is paired-pulse inhibition?
Paired-pulse inhibition (PPI) of the population spike observed in extracellular field recordings is widely used as a read-out of hippocampal network inhibition. PPI reflects GABA(A) receptor-mediated inhibition of principal neurons through local interneurons.
What is the purpose of paired pulse stimulation?
Paired-pulse stimulation is a standard protocol that has been used for decades to characterize dynamic systems: the differences in responses to two sequential identical stimuli as a function of inter-stimulus interval provide quantitative information on the dynamics of the system.
How is the paired pulse protocol used in neuroscience?
In neuroscience, the paired-pulse protocol is also widely used at multiple levels of analysis, from behavioral conditioning to synaptic plasticity, and in particular to define the biomolecular mechanism of learning and memory.
Why does an increase in paired pulse ratio ( PPR ) indicate?
Increase in the PPR is due to increase calcium in the pre-synpatic terminal (as explained above).
How does insulin affect the paired pulse ratio?
The paired pulse ratio was unaltered following insulin application, suggesting that insulin’s effects on synaptic plasticity are mediated postsynaptically in the B1 motor neuron. Thus, it was suggested that postsynaptic changes need to be considered when insulin’s actions on synaptic plasticity are examined.