What causes hypoglycemic encephalopathy?
Hypoglycemic encephalopathy is a metabolic encephalopathy due to extremely low blood glucose. Such patients often suffer from the disease suddenly, which is initially characterized by multiple symptoms such as lags in response, confusion, mental and behavior disorders, and adverse physical activity.
How is hypoglycemic encephalopathy treated?
At present, for patients with hypoglycemic encephalopathy, intravenous glucose should be given immediately to quickly and effectively correct hypoglycemia. Then, we should repeatedly monitor blood glucose to keep blood glucose within the normal range.
What causes diabetic encephalopathy?
Multiple factors are responsible for neuronal apoptosis, such as disturbed insulin growth factor (IGF) system, hyperglycemia, and the aging process. Recent data suggest that insulin/C-peptide deficiency may exert a primary and key effect in diabetic encephalopathy.
Why can hypoglycemia cause death?
Hypoglycemia commonly causes brain fuel deprivation, resulting in functional brain failure, which can be corrected by raising plasma glucose concentrations. Rarely, profound hypoglycemia causes brain death that is not the result of fuel deprivation per se.
What is Neuroglycopenic?
Neuroglycopenia is a shortage of glucose (glycopenia) in the brain, usually due to hypoglycemia. Glycopenia affects the function of neurons, and alters brain function and behavior. Prolonged or recurrent neuroglycopenia can result in loss of consciousness, damage to the brain, and eventual death.
What does Neuroglycopenic mean?
What is the difference between neurogenic and Neuroglycopenic?
The neurogenic symptoms are either adrenergic or cholinergic mediated and include tremor, feelings of anxiety and or hunger and sweating. Neuroglycopenic symptoms are the result of brain neuronal glucose deprivation.
Why does hypoglycemia cause death?
Is hypoglycemic encephalopathy reversible?
Neurological deficits are usually fully reversible and non-life-threatening in case of short-duration hypoglycemia [4]. Although currently ill-defined, the hypoglycemic encephalopathy, which occurs during deep and/or prolonged hypoglycemia, is a sustained comatose state.
Can diabetic ketoacidosis cause brain damage?
Brain injury in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is common but under recognized and affects up to 54% of patients with this complication. It’s manifestations include cerebral oedema (CE) and cerebral infarction (CI).
What are the causes of brain encephalopathy?
Encephalopathy is a term for any diffuse disease of the brain that alters brain function or structure. Encephalopathy may be caused by infectious agent (bacteria, virus, or prion), metabolic or mitochondrial dysfunction, brain tumor or increased pressure in the skull, prolonged exposure to toxic elements…
How does neuroglycopenia affect the function of the brain?
Neuroglycopenia. Neuroglycopenia is a shortage of glucose (glycopenia) in the brain, usually due to hypoglycemia. Glycopenia affects the function of neurons, and alters brain function and behavior. Prolonged or recurrent neuroglycopenia can result in loss of consciousness, damage to the brain, and eventual death.
What does encephalopathy stand for in medical terms?
Encephalopathy is a term for any diffuse disease of the brain that alters brain function or structure.
What is the prognosis for people with encephalopathy?
Prognosis. Treating the underlying cause of the disorder may improve symptoms. However, the encephalopathy may cause permanent structural changes and irreversible damage to the brain. Some encephalopathies can be fatal.
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