What are intermediate hydrocarbons?
An intermediate refers to any refinery hydrocarbon stream that is not a crude oil or one of the finished petroleum products (such as gasoline). This includes all of the outputs from distillation (distillation fractions) and from the conversion units.
Does paraffinic oil contain wax?
Mineral oils and wax come from the fractional distillation of coal, petroleum or some oil shales. They comprise a mix of paraffinic, naphthenic and polycyclic hydrocarbons, their consistency being from fluid liquids to spreads to thick wax. Their use is ubiquitous.
What is hydrocarbon oil?
Definition of hydrocarbon oil : any of various oily liquids consisting chiefly or wholly of mixtures of hydrocarbons (as petroleum or many of its products) — compare mineral oil.
What is paraffinic hydrocarbon?
paraffin hydrocarbon, also called alkane, any of the saturated hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2, C being a carbon atom, H a hydrogen atom, and n an integer. The paraffins are major constituents of natural gas and petroleum. The hydrocarbons are immiscible with water.
What is the difference between paraffinic and naphthenic?
The key difference between paraffinic and naphthenic is that paraffinic substances contain alkanes while naphthenic substances contain cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons. The term paraffinic refers to substances containing paraffin compounds, whereas the term naphthenic refers to the substances containing naphthene.
What are unfinished oils?
Unfinished oils: All oils requiring further processing, except those requiring only mechanical blending. Unfinished oils are produced by partial refining of crude oil and include naphthas and lighter oils, kerosene and light gas oils, heavy gas oils, and residuum.
What is the difference between paraffins and olefins?
The key difference between olefins and paraffins is that olefins essentially contain one or more double bonds between carbon atoms, whereas paraffins do not contain any double or triple bond between carbon atoms. Olefins are alkenes, and paraffins are alkanes.
Is hydrocarbon the same as petroleum?
Petroleum hydrocarbons (hydrocarbons that result from petroleum products such as oil, gasoline, or diesel fuel) are among the most commonly occurring and widely distributed contaminants in the environment. Petroleum products are present in Earth’s subsurface as solids, liquids, or gases.
What are paraffins give examples?
Paraffins are straight- or branched-chain hydrocarbons having the chemical formula CnH2n+2. The name of each member ends with –ane; examples are propane, isopentane, and normal heptane (Figure 3.1). Figure 3.1.
What is paraffin used for?
Paraffin Uses. Paraffin is a alkane hydrocarbon that has a variety of practical uses in industries such as medicine, agriculture and cosmetics. Paraffin is widely used as fuel for jet engines and rockets and as fuel or a fuel component for diesel and tractor engines.
What is HC gas?
These are the gases that the 4 or 5-gas Gas analyser sees in a petrol engine: HC = Hydrocarbons, concentration of the exhaust in parts per million (ppm). = Unburned Petrol, represents the amount of unburned fuel due to incomplete combustion exiting through the exhaust.
What is a hydrocarbon molecule?
A hydrocarbon is a molecule that is composed of only hydrogen and carbon atoms. These molecules are traditionally a major focus of study in organic chemistry, the branch of chemistry that focuses on chemical compounds involving carbon. They can be described as pure or impure.