What does Theory X and Theory Y mean?
Theory X and Theory Y were first explained by McGregor in his book, “The Human Side of Enterprise,” and they refer to two styles of management – authoritarian (Theory X) and participative (Theory Y). Managers who use this approach trust their people to take ownership of their work and do it effectively by themselves.
What is Theory X of human nature?
Theory X represents a negative view of human nature that assumes individuals generally dislike work, are irresponsible, and require close supervision to do their jobs.
What is Theory Y in psychology?
Theory Y suggests that people are motivated for intrinsic reasons as opposed to extrinsic reasons. What this means is that they are working for reasons that go well beyond money and include reasons such as feeling satisfied with themsleves, increasing self esteem, helping others, etc.
What is human relations theory?
a general approach to management that emphasizes the importance of employee attitudes, interpersonal relationships, group dynamics, and leadership styles in achieving organizational effectiveness.
What is the main theme of human relation theory?
The theory, which developed from empirical studies carried out in the 1920s and 1930s (see Hawthorne studies), holds that attitudes, relationships, and leadership styles play a key role in the performance of an organization. See motivation; self-actualization.
What are the principles of human relation theory?
Therefore, a key principle of Human Relations is that an organization must promote positive group values and relationships so that social pressure will produce teamwork and positive employee attitudes and behaviors. If this can be done, results from the study indicate that group productivity will improve as desired.
What is human relation theory?
Human relations theory: a school of organizational thought which focuses on worker satisfaction, informal workplace organizations, and a means of influencing employee productivity. Unlike scientism, human relations theory does not view workers as essentially interchangeable parts.
What are the main features of human relation theory?
Elements of Human Relations Theory A focus on people, rather than upon machines or economics. The organizational environment is not an organized social context. Human relations are important in motivating people. Motivation depends upon teamwork, requiring co-ordination and cooperation of individuals involved.
What are Theory X and Y of motivation?
Theory X and Theory Y of Motivation by McGregor Douglas McGregor expressed his views of human nature in two sets of assumptions. They are popularly known as ‘Theory X’ and ‘Theory Y’.
How are Theory X and Y related to each other?
The two theories are sets of propositions and beliefs about human nature. McGregor assigned certain traits to each theory. His work showed that thoughts and beliefs might influence behavior. Theory X and Theory Y are descriptions of two extreme managerial styles.
What are the two theories of human nature?
The two theories are sets of propositions and beliefs about human nature. McGregor assigned certain traits to each theory. His work showed that thoughts and beliefs might influence behavior.
What do you need to know about Theory X?
Need to be supervised at every step. Have no incentive to work or ambition, and therefore need to be enticed by rewards to achieve goals. According to McGregor, organizations with a Theory X approach tend to have several tiers of managers and supervisors to oversee and direct workers.