What is a hypothalamic disease?
Hypothalamic dysfunction is a problem with part of the brain called the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus helps control the pituitary gland and regulates many body functions. The central nervous system comprises the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system includes all peripheral nerves.
What are some disorders of the hypothalamus?
Symptoms of hypothalamic dysfunction include somnolence, temperature dysregulation with hyperhidrosis, endocrinopathies including diabetes insipidus and hypothyroidism, narcolepsy or somnolence, weight gain, and loss of libido.
What causes hypothalamic disorder?
There are many causes of hypothalamic dysfunction. The most common are surgery, traumatic brain injury, tumors, and radiation. Other causes include: Nutrition problems, such as eating disorders (anorexia), extreme weight loss.
What are the symptoms of hypothalamic dysfunction?
Hypothalamic dysfunction is a problem with part of the brain called the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus helps control the pituitary gland and regulates many body functions. Tumor symptoms may include headache or loss of vision. If the thyroid is affected, there may be symptoms of an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism).
Is there a cure for hypothalamic dysfunction?
Many causes of hypothalamic dysfunction are treatable. Most of the time, missing hormones can be replaced. Complications of hypothalamic dysfunction depend on the cause. If you have symptoms of a hormonal deficiency, discuss replacement therapy with your provider.
How is hypothalamic dysfunction related to pituitary disease?
It may be very difficult to differentiate between hypothalamic and pituitary disease as the endocrine abnormalities are often similar. As the hypothalamus regulates both endocrine and autonomic function, there is usually a combination of endocrine and neurological disturbance in hypothalamic damage.
How does damage to the hypothalamus lead to clinical morbidity?
It influences many hormonal and behavioural circadian rhythms, as well as being involved in the control of body temperature, hunger, and thirst. Damage to the hypothalamus whether it is congenital or acquired will lead to significant clinical morbidity (Box 2.4.1.1).