What is a Hawkins sign?
The Hawkins sign is a subchondral radiolucent band in the talar dome that is indicative of viability at 6 to 8 weeks after a talus fracture. It is visible in the anterior-posterior view, but seldom appears on lateral radiographs.
What is a Hawkins line?
The Hawkins sign describes subchondral lucency of the talar dome seen in AP view that occurs secondary to subchondral atrophy 6-8 weeks after a talar neck fracture 1. This indicates that there is sufficient vascularity in the talus, and is therefore unlikely to develop avascular necrosis of the talar dome later 2,3.
What is talar neck?
Summary. Talar neck fractures are high energy injuries to the hindfoot that are associated with a high incidence of talus avascular necrosis.
What is are the positive signs for the Hawkins Kennedy test?
The examiner places the patient’s arm shoulder in 90 degrees of shoulder flexion with the elbow flexed to 90 degrees and then internally rotates the arm. The test is considered to be positive if the patient experiences pain with internal rotation.
What is positive Hawkins test?
A positive Hawkins-Kennedy test is indicative of an impingement of all structures that are located between the greater tubercle of the humerus and the coracohumeral ligament. The impinged structures include the supraspinatus muscle, teres minor muscle, and the infraspinatus muscle.
What does Hawkins test test for?
Hawkins test. The examiner forward flexes the arms to 90° and then forcibly internally rotates the shoulder. This movement pushes the supraspinatus tendon against the anterior surface of the coracoacromial ligament and coracoid process. Pain indicates a positive test result for supraspinatus tendonitis.
What is a Hawkins fracture?
Description. Hawkins classification: Classification system for talar neck fractures. Classification system for vertical neck fractures of the talus, the commonest type of talus fracture. High energy injury usually associated with forced dorsiflexion and axial load.
What is Sinus Tarsi?
Sinus tarsi syndrome is a condition of the ankle and foot that results from instability of the subtalar joint. Athletes with this condition typically have complaints of instability with functional activities and persistent anterolateral ankle discomfort.
What do you need to know about the Hawkins sign?
Hawkins sign (talus) Dr Mostafa El-Feky and Dr Charlie Chia-Tsong Hsu et al. Hawkins sign describes subchondral lucency of the talar dome seen in AP view that occurs secondary to subchondral atrophy 6-8 weeks after a talar neck fracture 1.
When does the Hawkins sign occur after a talar fracture?
Hawkins sign describes subchondral lucency of the talar dome seen in AP view that occurs secondary to subchondral atrophy 6-8 weeks after a talar neck fracture 1.
Why is the talar dome called the Hawkins sign?
Disruption of the blood supply to all or a portion of the talar dome results in absence of the Hawkins sign (seen as subchondral sclerosis), which usually indicates underlying avascular necrosis 4. The sign is named after Leland G Hawkins (1933-1991) 5, an American orthopedic surgeon.