What are the 5 stages of virus replication?
Most productive viral infections follow similar steps in the virus replication cycle: attachment, penetration, uncoating, replication, assembly, and release.
Where does adenovirus replication occur?
Replication. Adenoviruses possess a linear dsDNA genome and are able to replicate in the nucleus of vertebrate cells using the host’s replication machinery. Entry of adenoviruses into the host cell involves two sets of interactions between the virus and the host cell. Most of the action occurs at the vertices.
What are the eight stages of viral replication?
What is viral replication cycle?
Viral replication involves six steps: attachment, penetration, uncoating, replication, assembly, and release. During attachment and penetration, the virus attaches itself to a host cell and injects its genetic material into it.
Which step in the replication cycle of viruses do you think is most critical for the virus to infect cells explain why?
The assembly step is the most critical because new virions are assembled to infect cells. The entry step is the most critical as nucleic acid of virus needs to enter the host cell naked, leaving the capsid outside.
How does adenovirus infect its host?
Infection is usually transmitted in droplets of respiratory or ocular secretions. Persistent infection occurs in the tonsils. Some adenovirus types are oncogenic in newborn rodents and can transform cells. A few transformed human cell lines exist.
What are the two methods of viral replication?
There are two processes used by viruses to replicate: the lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle. Some viruses reproduce using both methods, while others only use the lytic cycle. In the lytic cycle, the virus attaches to the host cell and injects its DNA.
How does the replication of an adenovirus take place?
DNA replication of adenovirus involves several steps. First, the viral genome is coated with DNA binding protein and converted into a virus DNA- cell histone complex. This protein reacts co-operatively with the cellular transcription factor, NFI which binds to a recognition site within the origin of replication.
What is the role of NFI in adenovirus replication?
A DETAILED MODEL OF ADENOVIRUS REPLICATION. Two cellular transcription factors, NFI and Oct-1, bind the auxiliary origin and thereby enhance initiation several hundredfold. In the final stages of replication, pTP is cleaved by a viral protease to TP, resulting in progeny DNA, which is subsequently packaged in virions.
How big is the genome of an adenovirus?
I. Structure. Adenoviruses are the group of medium sized, non enveloped ds DNA virus that share common complement fixing antigen. Size: 70-90 nm in diameter. Shape: Icosahedral. Genome: Linear ds DNA molecule of 26-45 kbp long and DNA have inverted terminal repeats of approximately 100bp at both ends.
Which is an early event in viral replication?
It is the early event in viral replication, and occurs before viral DNA synthesis begins. It is the preparatory phase in which transcription of viral DNA occurs to mRNA (early transcript). Early transcript undergoes translation to produce about 20 different early proteins.