What does a hydrocracker do?
A hydrocracking unit, or hydrocracker, takes gas oil, which is heavier and has a higher boiling range than distillate fuel oil, and cracks the heavy molecules into distillate and gasoline in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst.
What is hydrocracker catalyst?
Hydrocracking is replacing fluidised catalytic cracking as the refinery conversion process of choice. The performance of hydrocracking units is fundamentally dependent on the zeolite catalyst used to break down the heavier oil molecules.
Which type of catalyst is used in hydrocracking?
4.3. The catalysts used in hydrocracking are all of the bifunctional type, combining an acid function and a hydrogenating function. The acid function is carried by supports with a large surface area and having a superficial acidity, such as halogenated aluminas, zeolites, amorphous silica-aluminas, and clays.
What is importance of hydrocracker unit in a refinery in BS VI scenario?
In a refinery, the hydrocracker upgrades VGO through cracking while injecting hydrogen. This yields a high volume of high-quality diesel and kerosene product. This is in contrast to the FCC, which uses the same feed (VGO) but produces more and better-quality gasoline.
What is the operating temperature in the hydrocracker?
Hydrocracking is conducted at temperatures comparable with pyrolysis (375–500°C); however, it is conducted under pressurized hydrogen (70 atm) in the presence of catalysts to produce stabilized liquid products [3].
How does a FCC work?
The Federal Communications Commission regulates interstate and international communications by radio, television, wire, satellite and cable in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and U.S. territories. Providing leadership in strengthening the defense of the nation’s communications infrastructure.
What does the FCC do exactly?
The FCC is an independent U.S. government agency that answers to the United States Congress. The FCC oversees all interstate and international communications. It also maintains standards and consistency among media types and communication methods while protecting the interests of consumers and businesses.
What is once through hydrocracker unit?
A single-stage once-through unit resembles the first stage of the two-stage plant. This type of hydrocracker usually requires the least capital investment. The feedstock is not completely converted to lower boiling products. For this application the refiner must have a demand for highly refined high-boiling oil.
What is importance of FCC and hydrocracker unit in a refinery?