How do you calculate speed at perihelion and aphelion distances?
At perihelion, Earth’s distance from the Sun is r=a(1-e) and at aphelion, it’s r=a(1+e). So plugging in the numbers, the speed at perihelion is 30,300 m/s and at aphelion it’s 29,300 m/s.
Does a planet travel faster at aphelion or perihelion?
Therefore the planet moves faster when it is nearer the Sun and slower when it is farther from the Sun. A planet moves with constantly changing speed as it moves about its orbit. The fastest a planet moves is at perihelion (closest) and the slowest is at aphelion (farthest).
What is the relationship between aphelion and perihelion?
Aphelion is the point of the Earth’s orbit that is farthest away from the Sun. Perihelion is the point of the Earth’s orbit that is nearest to the Sun.
Why does speed change from aphelion to perihelion?
The exact speed changes, because at perihelion, we’re closer to the Sun and feel its gravity a bit more strongly, so our speed around the Sun is a bit faster than at aphelion. Together, the tangential and radial velocities add up to gives us our overall orbital velocity, which changes with distance from the Sun.
How do you find aphelion velocity?
At perihelion, r = a(1 – e) = 1.471 E+08 km and at aphelion r = a(1 + e) = 1.521 E+08 km.
How do you calculate eccentricity perihelion and aphelion?
a = semi-major axis and e = eccentricity. Aphelion = a(1 + e); perihelion = a(1 – e). The sum gives major axis 2a and the difference is 2ae. So, e = sum/difference.
Which planet travels fastest?
Mercury
Answer: Mercury is the winner at an orbital speed of about 47.87 km/s (107,082 miles per hour), which is a period of about 87.97 Earth days.
How do you find aphelion and perihelion?
The perihelion distance P=a(1−e) and the aphelion distance A=a(1+e) where e=0.875 is the eccentricity. This gives a perihelion distance of 2.375AU and an aphelion distance of 35.625AU.
What happened in aphelion?
The way aphelion does affect our weather is duration. Earth is farther away from the Sun in summer. Therefore, its orbital velocity is at its lowest and it requires more time to travel from the summer solstice point to the autumnal equinox than it needs to move between the winter solstice and vernal equinox.
When Earth approaches the perihelion its speed increases explain?
As a planet moves toward the Sun, it falls inward and its speed increases. At perihelion, the planet is at a minimum distance from the Sun and has its highest orbital speed.
What is perihelion velocity?
Earth’s perihelion velocity is 30.28 km/s and its aphelion velocity is 29.3 km/s.