What is target specificity and selectivity?
1) Target specificity and selectivity refers to the ability of a drug to distinguish between different molecular targets, whether these targets be totally different in nature or slight variations of the same target. For example, drugs can show specificity or selectivity between different types and subtypes of receptor.
What is target selection in drug discovery?
Target selection in drug discovery–defined here as the decision to focus on finding an agent with a particular biological action that is anticipated to have therapeutic utility–is influenced by a complex balance of scientific, medical and strategic considerations.
What are the important criteria of a drug target?
A good target needs to be efficacious, safe, meet clinical and commercial needs and, above all, be ‘druggable’. A ‘druggable’ target is accessible to the putative drug molecule, be that a small molecule or larger biologicals and upon binding, elicit a biological response which may be measured both in vitro and in vivo.
How do I choose a drug target?
Evaluate the biological evidence for linking a target to a disease of interest. Monitor the early drug-target landscape and be alerted to potential future threats. Establish a benchmark for “best-in-class” efficacy and safety. Make data-driven decisions based on scientific and commercial factors.
What is the difference between specificity and selectivity in receptors?
Selectivity refers to a drug’s ability to preferentially produce a particular effect and is related to the structural specificity of drug binding to receptors. Specificity of drug action relates to the number of different mechanisms involved.
How is target identification done?
Target identification and characterization begins with identifying the function of a possible therapeutic target (gene/protein) and its role in the disease. Identification of the target is followed by characterization of the molecular mechanisms addressed by the target.
How do you validate target?
Target validation is the first step in discovering a new drug and can typically take 2-6 months. The process involves the application of a range of techniques that aim to demonstrate that drug effects on the target can provide a therapeutic benefit with an acceptable safety window.
What makes a good target?
Drug targets include enzymes, ion channels, transporters, and receptors (both extracellular and nuclear). Good target characteristics: Plays an essential (non-redundant) role in a health-related process. Can be modulated without killing people.
What is difference between selective and specific?
Selective means “mostly”, or “almost all”. Specific means “all”. “Selective” implies that there are factors which favor one product over the other, while “specific” is usually a sign that there’s something inherent to the mechanism that leads to only one product.
What does it mean to have target specificity?
Target specificity: Ability of a ligand such as hormone , drug to a bind to a specific cell surface receptor of a specific kind of target cell. Hormones target a limited number of cells (based on the presence of a specific receptor) as they ci …
What is the difference between selectivity and specificity?
“The analytical method should be able to differentiate the analyte (s) of interest and IS [note from the editor: IS = internal standard] from endogenous components in the matrix or other components in the sample.” In other words, we can say selectivity is like specificity except that the identification of all components in a mixture is mandatory.
What does specificity tell us about a sample?
Let’s explain using other words: Specificity tells us about the degree of interference by other substances also present in the sample (like e.g. excipients, degradation products, impurities in general) while analysing the analyte. E.g., imagine you are carrying a bunch of keys and only one key among the bunch can open the lock of your door.
What is the definition of specificity in method validation?
Specificity According to the official guideline to be applied for method validation ICH Q2 (R1), specificity is defined as: “Specificity is the ability to assess unequivocally the analyte in the presence of components which may be expected to be present.”